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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">49511</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0660-2026-26-1-138-149</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">STQDPF</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REGIONAL ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject></subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">BRICS and the Transformation of the Global Order: Academic Approaches and Interpretations</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>БРИКС и трансформация глобального порядка: научные подходы и интерпретации</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7872-3298</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5114-9932</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleshin</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алешин</surname><given-names>Александр Андреевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Political Sciences), Senior Research Fellow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат политических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>aleshin.a@imemo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский институт мировой экономики и международных отношений им. Е. М. Примакова Российской академии наук (ИМЭМО РАН)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Strategic Stability, Global and Regional Security</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Стратегическая стабильность, глобальная и региональная безопасность</issue-title><fpage>138</fpage><lpage>149</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-05"><day>05</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Aleshin A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Алешин А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2026, Aleshin A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aleshin A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алешин А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Aleshin A.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/49511">https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/49511</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In recent years, the BRICS group has undergone profound transformations, including the expansion of its membership, the establishment of alternative global financial institutions, and the diminishing role of the dollar in intrabloc settlements. However, this rapid evolution has also revealed pre-existing challenges and generated new constraints on multilateral cooperation among member states. Despite these obstacles, it is evident that BRICS has undoubtedly become a major driver in the ongoing transformation of the global order. As a result, forecasts regarding the association’s future, ranging from strongly optimistic to alarmist, have proliferated, while its nature and long-term objectives continue to be interpreted in diverse ways. The present study aims to identify the key themes and trends in academic literature on BRICS, and analyze how scholars conceptualize its development within the broader context of global order transformation. Using both qualitative and quantitative content analysis, the research examines peer-reviewed journal articles and monographs published between 2023 and April 2025. The findings reveal the absence of a unified scholarly perspective on BRICS’ evolution. Publications authored by researchers from non-Western countries outnumber those from Western academia. Differences in analytical approaches depend largely on the focus of research-whether it addresses individual member states or BRICS as a whole-and on the disciplinary lens, encompassing economic, political, or cultural-humanitarian dimensions. The topics attracting the greatest scholarly attention include BRICS financial and trade integration, the establishment of non-Western financial mechanisms, de-dollarization, the development of instruments for mutual settlements, and the use of new technologies to enhance economic governance. The persistent challenges experienced by the region are multifaceted, encompassing disparities in economic and political capacities, divergent national interests, bilateral tensions, and the growing difficulty of achieving consensus amid continued expansion. The most promising areas of potential lie in expanding intra-BRICS trade, strengthening non-dollar payment frameworks, and increasing the group’s influence in key sectors of the global economy such as energy, agriculture, and the extraction of strategic resources, including rare earth elements.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В последние годы в развитии БРИКС произошли качественные изменения - начиная с увеличения числа участников объединения и заканчивая разработкой альтернативных западным глобальных финансовых институтов и снижения доли доллара во взаимных расчетах. В то же время стремительное развитие БРИКС подсвечивает старые и создает новые трудности и ограничения многостороннего сотрудничества стран-членов. Однако при этом БРИКС, безусловно, стал важным фактором трансформации миропорядка. В связи с этим появляются различные прогнозы будущего этого объединения - как оптимистичные, так и алармистские. Более того, по-разному трактуются его природа и долгосрочные цели. Задачами исследования являются выявление основных тем и трендов в научных публикациях о БРИКС, анализ подходов представителей научного сообщества к развитию объединения в контексте трансформации миропорядка. С помощью качественного и количественного контент-анализа изучены статьи в рецензируемых журналах и монографии, опубликованные с 2023 г. по апрель 2025 г. Сделан вывод, что единого подхода ученых к трактовке и оценке развития БРИКС не существует. При этом число публикаций исследователей из незападных стран выше, чем из западных. Различия в подходах зависят от предмета исследования: изучает ли автор ту или иную страну БРИКС отдельно или объединение в целом, смотрит ли он на экономический, международно-политический или культурно-гуманитарный трек деятельности объединения. Наибольший интерес ученые проявляют к финансовой и торгово-экономической интеграции БРИКС, в особенности к вопросам торговли, развития незападных финансовых институтов, дедолларизации, создания инструментов для взаимных расчетов, использования новых технологий для оптимизации экономического управления в БРИКС. Среди ключевых проблем называют различия экономических и политических потенциалов стран-членов, их национальных интересов, открытые конфликты между ними, угрозу усложнения поиска консенсуса в контексте продолжающегося расширения объединения. Наибольшие перспективы ожидаются в росте товарооборота внутри БРИКС, разработке недолларовых инструментов расчета и увеличении значения БРИКС в регулировании отдельных отраслей мировой экономики, таких как энергетика, сельское хозяйство, добыча полезных ископаемых, в том числе редкоземельных металлов, и ряд других.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"/><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>global governance</kwd><kwd>dedollarization</kwd><kwd>BRICS expansion</kwd><kwd>Egypt</kwd><kwd>Iran</kwd><kwd>Pakistan</kwd><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>content analysis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глобальное регулирование</kwd><kwd>дедолларизация</kwd><kwd>расширение БРИКС</kwd><kwd>Египет</kwd><kwd>Иран</kwd><kwd>Пакистан</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>контент-анализ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abir, S. I., Sarwer, M. H., Hasan, M., Sultana, N., Dolon, Md Sh. A., &amp; et al. 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