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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">46977</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject></subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">JOHN ADAMS DIPLOMATIC ACTIVITY DURING THE AMERICAN WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ДИПЛОМАТИЧЕСКАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ДЖОНА АДАМСА В ГОДЫ ВОЙНЫ США ЗА НЕЗАВИСИМОСТЬ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Краснов</surname><given-names>Николай Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru">кандидат исторических наук, старший преподаватель Московского инженерно-физического института (технического университета).</bio><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Africa of RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт Африки РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2008-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO2 (2008)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№2 (2008)</issue-title><fpage>96</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-11-06"><day>06</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2008, Krasnov N.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2008, Краснов Н.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2008, Krasnov N.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2008</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krasnov N.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Краснов Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Krasnov N.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/46977">https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/46977</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">The article deals with John Adams contribution to American independence and his political activity.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">В статье изучается вклад Джона Адамса в становление американской государственности, в решение внешнеполитических задач и определение приоритетов развития США.</trans-abstract></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Война за независимость и образование США / Под ред. 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