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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">44784</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0660-2025-25-2-251-266</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">MZSGVL</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-КОММУНИКАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Constructing Digital Sovereignty in Russian and Chinese Media: Big Data Analysis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Конструирование цифрового суверенитета в медиа России и Китая: анализ больших данных</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1716-8849</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8827-6878</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>Evgeniya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Евгения Владимировна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Political Science), Associate Professor, Department of Political Studies</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат политических наук, доцент кафедры политологии</p></bio><email>iam.e.popova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3023-5428</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6953-6749</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ustyuzhantseva</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Устюжанцева</surname><given-names>Ольга Валерьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (History), Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology and Ethnology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры антропологии и этнологии</p></bio><email>olgavust@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gao</surname><given-names>Haoyue</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гао</surname><given-names>Хаоюэ</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">Master’s degree Student, Department of Anthropology and Ethnology</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">магистрант кафедры антропологии и этнологии</bio><email>haoyuegao@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Tomsk State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Tomsk State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">The Difficult Path from Bipolarity to a Multipolar World Order: To the 80th Anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Трудный путь от биполярности к многополярному мироустройству: к 80-летию Победы в Великой Отечественной войне</issue-title><fpage>251</fpage><lpage>266</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-01"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Popova E.V., Ustyuzhantseva O.V., Gao H.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Попова Е.В., Устюжанцева О.В., Гао Х.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025, Popova E., Ustyuzhantseva O., Gao H.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popova E.V., Ustyuzhantseva O.V., Gao H.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попова Е.В., Устюжанцева О.В., Гао Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Popova E., Ustyuzhantseva O., Gao H.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/44784">https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/44784</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study explores the formation of the concept of digital sovereignty in non-liberal democratic countries through a comparative analysis of media discourses in Russia and China. Against the backdrop of intensifying global competition and technological transformations associated with the Fourth Industrial Revolution, comparing how different actors in non-democratic states construct digital sovereignty becomes crucial for understanding the divergences between the two countries. The research methodology is based on big data analysis of media publications, employing automated text analysis methods ( PolyAnalyst ). The sample includes over 2,800 materials from Russian and Chinese media outlets covering the period from 2011 to 2021. The analysis was conducted across several dimensions: economic and political content, national and international levels, and the technologies incorporated into the concept of digital sovereignty. The study adopts a constructivist approach, viewing digital sovereignty as a phenomenon discursively constructed by various actors. Particular attention was given to mapping actor networks and identifying dominant thematic clusters. The scientific novelty of the research lies in its comparative approach to studying digital sovereignty in non-liberal democracy countries. The study demonstrates that digital sovereignty is not a monolithic concept: its understanding in Russia and China differs significantly. In Russia, narratives of national security, state control, and protectionism prevail, whereas in China, the emphasis is placed on technological development, economic leadership, and global competitiveness. Furthermore, the study reveals the different roles played by economic actors and technological imaginaries in shaping the concepts of digital sovereignty. The findings show that Russia and China employ distinct strategies and narratives to legitimize digital sovereignty. This work contributes to the understanding of the role of media in shaping sovereignty concepts and opens up new avenues for further research in the fields of digital governance and international relations.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследование посвящено изучению формирования концепции цифрового суверенитета в условиях нелиберальных режимов на примере изучения медиа России и Китая. В условиях обостряющейся глобальной конкуренции и технологических преобразований, связанных с Четвертой промышленной революцией, сравнение процессов конструирования цифрового суверенитета разными акторами в нелиберальных государствах становится важным для понимания различий между двумя странами. Методология исследования основана на анализе больших данных медиапубликаций с применением автоматизированных методов анализа неструктурированных текстов ( PolyAnalyst ). В выборку вошло более 2800 материалов российских и китайских СМИ за 2011-2021 гг. Анализ проводился по ряду измерений: экономическое и политическое содержание, национальный и международный уровни, а также технологии, включаемые в концепт цифрового суверенитета. Исследование опирается на конструктивистский подход, позволяющий рассматривать цифровой суверенитет как феномен, дискурсивно конструируемый различными акторами. Особое внимание уделено картированию акторских сетей и выявлению доминирующих тематических кластеров. Научная новизна исследования заключается в сравнительном подходе к изучению цифрового суверенитета в нелиберальных режимах. Показано, что цифровой суверенитет не является единым понятием: его понимание в России и Китае существенно различается. В России доминируют нарративы национальной безопасности, государственного контроля и протекционизма, тогда как в Китае акцент сделан на технологическом развитии, экономическом лидерстве и глобальной конкурентоспособности. Кроме того, выявлены различные роли экономических акторов и технологических представлений в оформлении концепций цифрового суверенитета. Результаты исследования показывают, что Россия и Китай используют разные стратегии и нарративы для легитимации цифрового суверенитета. Работа вносит вклад в понимание роли медиа в формировании концептов суверенитета и открывает перспективы для дальнейших исследований в области цифрового управления и международных отношений.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"/><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>non-liberal democratic countries</kwd><kwd>technological development</kwd><kwd>national security</kwd><kwd>global competition</kwd><kwd>technological sovereignty</kwd><kwd>media analysis</kwd><kwd>comparative study</kwd><kwd>PolyAnalyst</kwd><kwd>cluster analysis</kwd><kwd>PolyAnalyst</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нелиберальные страны</kwd><kwd>медиаанализ</kwd><kwd>технологическое развитие</kwd><kwd>национальная безопасность</kwd><kwd>глобальная конкуренция</kwd><kwd>технологический суверенитет</kwd><kwd>сравнительные исследования</kwd><kwd>кластерный анализ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ajayi, O., Bagula, A., &amp; Maluleke, H. 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