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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">42195</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0660-2024-24-4-534-544</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">LUJMIR</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEMATIC DOSSIER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ДОСЬЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Problem of the GDR’s Foreign Policy Identity in the Context of Initiatives in Africa in the 1960s - 1980s</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Проблема формирования внешнеполитической идентичности ГДР в контексте инициатив в Африке в 1960-1980-е гг.</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8654-7629</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5680-4049</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivkina</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивкина</surname><given-names>Наталья Викторовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (History), Associate Professor, Department of Theory and History of International Relations</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры теории и истории международных отношений</p></bio><email>ivkina-nv@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Preserving Identity in a Global World</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Сохранение идентичности в глобальном мире</issue-title><fpage>534</fpage><lpage>544</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-27"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Ivkina N.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Ивкина Н.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024, Ivkina N.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivkina N.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ивкина Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Ivkina N.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/42195">https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/42195</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to an examination of the German Democratic Republic’s (GDR) foreign policy identity in the context of its policy in Sub-Saharan Africa. The relevance of this topic is primarily determined by the fact that the African vector of the GDR’s foreign policy course still influences the current state of the German state’s agenda in the region under study. The objective of this study is to identify the characteristics of the GDR’s foreign policy course in Sub-Saharan Africa in the context of three dimensions: narrative, performative and emotional. As a theoretical basis, it is proposed to test two alternative points of view, the realist/neorealist and the liberal. These theories imbue the notion of foreign policy identity with diverse meanings, offering researchers the opportunity to test them on historical and relevant cases. Critical theory, which is also included in the theoretical discourse of this work, has tried to go a little further by considering the role of alliance formation for the state identity. The scientific novelty lies in by the fact that most studies on the identity of East Germany describe the sociological aspect, while the specifics of foreign policy initiatives remain outside the brackets. The following research methods were chosen historical and chronological, which allowed not only to study the dynamics of relations between the GDR and individual African countries, but also to assess the level of cooperation between them. In several cases, the comparative method was relevant for breeding the independent policy of the GDR and joint initiatives with the Soviet Union, as well as for comparing East German and West German initiatives. Finally, a content analysis of mutual visits between the GDR and African countries helped to find that the increase in the number of visits was due to the expansion of the areas of interaction between the sides - from primarily economic cooperation to security policy coordination. The author draws conclusions confirming certain theoretical postulates stated in the theoretical and methodological basis of the study and provides an assessment of all three dimensions of the GDR’s foreign policy identity.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рассматривается внешнеполитическая идентичность Германской Демократической Республики (ГДР) в контексте изучения ее политики в странах Африки южнее Сахары. Актуальность темы определяется, прежде всего, тем, что африканский вектор внешнеполитического курса ГДР до сих пор оказывает влияние на современное состояние повестки дня германского государства в исследуемом регионе. Цель исследования - выявление особенностей внешнеполитического курса ГДР в Африке южнее Сахары в контексте трех измерений: нарративного, перформативного и эмоционального. Методологически работа строится на проверке применимости двух альтернативных точек зрения: реалистской/неореалистской и либеральной - к анализу изучаемого предмета, поскольку указанные теории наполняют концепцию внешнеполитической идентичности разными смыслами. Сторонники критической теории, которая также включена в теоретический дискурс исследования, попытались пойти несколько дальше, учитывая роль формирования альянсов для идентичности государства. Научная новизна исследования определяется тем, что большинство работ по идентичности Восточной Германии описывают социологический аспект, тогда как особенности внешнеполитических инициатив остаются за скобками. В качестве базовых методов исследования выбраны историко-хронологический, который позволил не просто изучить динамику отношений между ГДР и отдельными африканскими странами, но и оценить уровень сотрудничествам между ними; сравнительно-сопоставительный метод в ряде случаев был актуален для отделения самостоятельной политики ГДР от совместных инициатив с Советским Союзом, а также для сравнения восточногерманских и западногерманских проектов на африканском направлении. Наконец, контент-анализ взаимных визитов между ГДР и африканскими странами помог установить, что рост числа визитов был обусловлен расширением сфер взаимодействия сторон - от преимущественно экономического сотрудничества до координации политики в сфере безопасности. В заключении автор приводит выводы, подтверждающие отдельные теоретические постулаты, заявленные в теоретико-методологической базе исследования, а также дает оценку всем трем измерениям внешнеполитической идентичности ГДР.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"/><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Sub-Saharan Africa</kwd><kwd>Union of Soviet Socialist Republics</kwd><kwd>USSR</kwd><kwd>critical theory</kwd><kwd>narrative dimension</kwd><kwd>performative dimension</kwd><kwd>emotional dimension of foreign policy identity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Африка южнее Сахары</kwd><kwd>Союз Советских Социалистических Республик</kwd><kwd>СССР</kwd><kwd>критическая теория</kwd><kwd>нарративное измерение</kwd><kwd>перформативное измерение</kwd><kwd>эмоциональное измерение внешнеполитической идентичности</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Allenova, A. 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