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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">41025</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0660-2024-24-3-385-396</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">ZKXGDM</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEMATIC DOSSIER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ДОСЬЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Geopolitics: Problems and Instruments Using the Example of Geopolitical Concepts in the Countries of the Indo-Pacific and the South Atlantic Regions</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Геополитика: проблемы и инструментальность на примере геополитических концепций в странах Индо-Тихоокеанского региона и Южной Атлантики</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7610-9721</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6526-4436</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabaga</surname><given-names>Andrei V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабага</surname><given-names>Андрей Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Dr. of Sc. (Philosophy), Professor, Department of Theory and History of International Relations</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор философских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры теории и истории международных отношений</p></bio><email>shabaga-av@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">China’s Global Strategy</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Глобальная стратегия КНР</issue-title><fpage>385</fpage><lpage>396</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-08"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Shabaga A.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Шабага А.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024, Shabaga A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shabaga A.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шабага А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Shabaga A.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/41025">https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/41025</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The study dedicates to the genetic problems of geopolitical doctrines associated with the attribution of institutional attributes to space. It analyses the ontological foundations of geopolitics and the possibilities of its effective use. The work demonstrates that the apparent instrumentality of the geopolitical method of research is based on myths taken on faith, that is, it lies outside the boundaries of scientific knowledge. Panideas, thalassocracy and tellurocracy, the concepts of Heartland and Rimland, etc., are used as basic mythologemes. The use of geopolitical argumentation in practical politics only serves as a cover for specific foreign policy actions. And that is why the study of geopolitics is of special interest to science. The article examines the category of additional space, which sometimes complements the concept of imaginary space and subsequently forms an important part of geopolitical theories. Examples of geopolitical constructs that have emerged in the Middle East, the Indo-Pacific and the South Atlantic are used to explore both their connection to classical geopolitics and the specificity of their own concepts. From this perspective, the Sinocentric concept of the world “Community of Common Destiny,” the geopolitical aspect of the Indian concept of Hindutva, Iranian and Turkish constructs based on panideas, the South African concept of the “Island of Africa,” the Japanese geopolitical projects of the “Great Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere” and the “Security Diamond,” axial constructs of Brazilian and Indonesian geopoliticians. The methodological basis of the study is critical analysis, which means correlating the methodological basis of geopolitics with specific concepts and doctrines. As a result, the author concludes that the spread of geopolitical ideas formed in Western countries outside the Old World has only expanded and diversified the scope of their application, without bringing something new to them. In general, geopolitical constructs based on imaginary spaces, despite a certain demand in the world of science and politics, do not give an acceptable effect in both areas.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Исследуются проблемы генезиса геополитических учений, связанные с приписыванием пространству институциональных атрибутов. В этой связи проанализированы онтологические основания геополитики и возможности ее эффективного использования. В работе показано, что кажущаяся инструментальность геополитического способа исследования основывается на принимаемых на веру мифологемах, то есть лежит за пределами научного знания. В качестве основных мифологем используются панидеи, талассократия и теллурократия, концепции Хартленда и Римленда и др. Применение в практической политике геополитической аргументации служит лишь прикрытием для конкретных внешнеполитических действий. Именно поэтому исследование геополитики представляет для науки специальный интерес. Рассматривается также категория комплементарного пространства, подчас дополняющая концепцию мнимого пространства и являющаяся в дальнейшем составной частью геополитических теорий. На примерах геополитических конструктов, возникших в странах Ближнего и Среднего Востока, Индо-Тихоокеанского региона и Южной Атлантики, выявляется как их связь с классической геополитикой, так и специфика собственных концептов. Под этим ракурсом изучены синоцентричная концепция мирового «сообщества единой судьбы», геополитический аспект индийской концепции хиндутва, основанные на панидеях иранские и турецкие конструкты, южноафриканская концепция «острова Африки», японские геополитические проекты «Великой азиатской сферы сопроцветания» и «Бриллиант безопасности», а также осевые конструкты бразильских и индонезийских геополитиков. Методической основой исследования является критический анализ, смысл которого заключается в соотнесении методологической базы геополитики с конкретными концепциями и доктринами. Автор приходит к выводу, что распространение геополитических идей, сформированных в западных странах, за пределы Старого Света лишь расширило и разнообразило сферу применения этих идей, не привнося в них что-то новое. В целом геополитические конструкты, основанные на мнимых пространствах, несмотря на определенную востребованность в мире науки и в политике, не дают приемлемого эффекта в обеих областях.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"/><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>theoretical problems of geopolitics</kwd><kwd>mythologems of geopolitics</kwd><kwd>imaginary space in geopolitics</kwd><kwd>complementary space</kwd><kwd>instrumental problems of geopolitics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>теоретические проблемы геополитики</kwd><kwd>мифологемы геополитики</kwd><kwd>мнимое пространство в геополитике</kwd><kwd>комплементарное пространство</kwd><kwd>инструментальные проблемы геополитики</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adebajo, A. (2008). The bicycle strategy of South African’s bilateral relations in Africa. 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