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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">41022</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0660-2024-24-3-345-357</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">ZHLZJZ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEMATIC DOSSIER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ДОСЬЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Projecting ‘Hybrid Warfare’: Western Discursive Representation of Chinese Foreign Policy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Проектирование «гибридной войны»: западная дискурсивная репрезентация китайской внешней политики</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6111-5325</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2833-6515</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Simons</surname><given-names>Greg</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саймонс</surname><given-names>Грег</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Adjunct Researcher, Department of Journalism, Media and Communication</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>внештатный сотрудник кафедры журналистики, медиа и коммуникаций</p></bio><email>gregmons@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8142-9110</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9867-9958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Manoilo</surname><given-names>Andrei V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манойло</surname><given-names>Андрей Викторович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sc. (Political Science), Professor, Department of International Relations and Foreign Policy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор политических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры международных отношений и внешней политики России</p></bio><email>cyberhurricane@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5310-0505</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4244-3486</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharenko</surname><given-names>Anna R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончаренко</surname><given-names>Анна Романовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Faculty of Political Science</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, факультет политологии</p></bio><email>annagoncharenko3@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Daffodil International University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Международный университет Даффодил</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">MGIMO University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">МГИМО МИД России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">China’s Global Strategy</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Глобальная стратегия КНР</issue-title><fpage>345</fpage><lpage>357</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-08"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Simons G., Manoilo A.V., Goncharenko A.R.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Саймонс Г., Манойло А.В., Гончаренко А.Р.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024, Simons G., Manoilo A., Goncharenko A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Simons G., Manoilo A.V., Goncharenko A.R.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саймонс Г., Манойло А.В., Гончаренко А.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Simons G., Manoilo A., Goncharenko A.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/41022">https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/41022</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">China is the single largest state-based international actor that is a major threat to the continued hegemony of the United States’ unipolar order. As such, a campaign of obstructive foreign policy is being waged against China through the obstructive marketing of China as a sinister threat and unreliable actor against the ‘rules-based order.’ By attempting to undermine China’s soft power potential, it is hoped that China’s global rise can be constrained and contained. Drawing on an integrative type of literature review, this article examines attempts at ‘knowledge production’ through geopolitically subjective interpretations and representations by the U.S. and its allies of the modern type of geopolitically-influenced international conflicts - hybrid warfare. In the English language imagination, hybrid warfare is a politically charged and loaded term that assumes ill intent by the user upon the intended victim. According to the research estimates by foreign experts, the current foreign policy of international activities by China displays a hybrid character. The country is publicly accused of carrying out operations in the economic, cybernetic, geographical, geopolitical, psychological, information and ideological spaces. Currently, the notion of “Chinese hybrid warfare” is starting to become an increasingly popular mass communicated trope. However, the aggravation of Sino-American relations against the backdrop of the South China Sea, the Taiwan issue and the Russian special military operation gives us an opportunity to predict that China will increasingly be projected as an increasingly dangerous source of hybrid threat in the Western-centric discourse to contain its global rise and by default to try to preserve US global hegemony through a negative information campaign.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Китай - крупнейший государственный субъект международных отношений, который представляет серьезную угрозу продолжающейся однополярной гегемонии США. В этой связи против Китая ведется кампания обструктивной внешней политики посредством позиционирования Китая как зловещей угрозы и ненадежного субъекта, выступающего против «порядка, основанного на правилах». В надежде ограничить и сдержать глобальный подъем Китая Запад стремится подорвать потенциал «мягкой силы» Китая. Опираясь на интегративный вид обзора литературы, авторы рассматривают попытки «производства знаний» с использованием субъективных интерпретаций и представлений США и их союзников о современном типе геополитически обусловленных международных конфликтов - гибридной войне. В представлении западной общественности гибридная война - это политически заряженный и нагруженный термин, который предполагает злой умысел у зачинщика такого конфликта в отношении предполагаемой жертвы. По оценкам зарубежных экспертов, современная внешняя политика Китая носит гибридный характер. Страну публично обвиняют в проведении операций в экономическом, кибернетическом, географическом, геополитическом, психологическом, информационном и идеологическом пространствах. В настоящее время понятие «китайской гибридной войны» начинает становиться все более популярным в средствах массовой информации. Однако обострение китайско-американских отношений на фоне конфликта в Южно-Китайском море и тайваньской проблемы дает нам возможность прогнозировать, что Китай будет все чаще позиционироваться как опасный источник гибридной угрозы в западноцентристском дискурсе, чтобы по умолчанию попытаться сохранить гегемонию США и сдержать глобальный рост КНР посредством негативной информационной кампании.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"/><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>People’s Republic of China</kwd><kwd>PRC</kwd><kwd>unrestricted warfare</kwd><kwd>international relations</kwd><kwd>hybrid threats</kwd><kwd>information warfare</kwd><kwd>containment</kwd><kwd>United States</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Китайская Народная Республика</kwd><kwd>КНР</kwd><kwd>неограниченная война</kwd><kwd>международные отношения</kwd><kwd>гибридные угрозы</kwd><kwd>информационная война</kwd><kwd>сдерживание</kwd><kwd>США</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caliskan, M. 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