Vestnik RUDN. International RelationsVestnik RUDN. International RelationsВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения2313-06602313-0679федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)3306110.22363/2313-0660-2022-22-4-688-699THEMATIC DOSSIERТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ДОСЬЕResearch ArticlePostcolonial Epistemology: African “Registers”Постколониальная эпистемология: африканские «регистры»https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3390-6960GavristovaTatyana M.ГавристоваТатьяна Михайловна

PhD, Dr. of Sc. (History), Professor, Department of World History

доктор исторических наук, профессор кафедры всеобщей истории

tagavristova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5165-1925KhokholkovaNadezhda E.ХохольковаНадежда Евгеньевна

PhD (History), Senior Research Fellow, Centre for History and Cultural Anthropology

кандидат исторических наук, старший научный сотрудник Центра истории и культурной антропологии

khokholkova@gmail.comP.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State UniversityЯрославский государственный университет им. П.Г. ДемидоваInstitute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of SciencesИнститут Африки РАН30122022224Postcolonialism and Anti-colonial StruggleПостколониализм и антиколониальная борьба68869930122022Copyright ©; 2022, Gavristova T.M., Khokholkova N.E.Copyright ©; 2022, Гавристова Т.М., Хохолькова Н.Е.2022Gavristova T.M., Khokholkova N.E.Гавристова Т.М., Хохолькова Н.Е.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/33061

With global digitalization and the resulting intensification of communication processes, the accumulation and retransmission of ideas and their connotations have accelerated. The academic environment has changed in the course of updating the research field and building up a new picture of the world, complex and diversified. The accumulation of “critical mass” of talented intellectual scholars based both in Africa and within the African Diaspora, focused on “breakthrough” in philosophy and epistemology, was reflected in an attack on the theoretical principles of postmodernism and Postcolonialism and a dynamic transformation of the conceptual principles and content of African studies. Contrary to Eurocentrism, Africa has become an epistemological laboratory, where the developing theories claiming to become metanarratives, within which new metalexemes and metagenres are emerging. Postcolonial discourse contains elements of metascience, a universal system of knowledge production. The interrelation of facts and methodology in their framework fully corresponds to the trends of the time in the era of algorithms, and their choice both forms the mechanisms of scientific knowledge, but also ensures success in the fight against stereotypes, not only racial and ethnic. The theoretical and methodological significance of postcolonial studies refers to the actualization of the “crossroad” problems in the history of Africa and the Diaspora, such as colonialism and decolonization, ethnicity and identity, hybridity and otherness, essentialism and transcendence, exodus and exile. In the present article the authors focus on the results of the interaction of researchers of African descent with postcolonial theory, as well as on the ideas of postcoloniality and decoloniality, which to a certain extent oppose each other. Particular attention is paid to the development of an updated epistemology of knowledge in the process of the formation of the “postcolonial library,” which includes the works of many scholars from Franz Fanon and Leopold Senghor to Kwame Anthony Appiah and Achille Mbembe.

В условиях глобальной цифровизации и обусловленной ею интенсификации коммуникационных процессов произошло ускорение, аккумуляция и ретрансляция идей и представлений. Академическая среда видоизменилась в ходе обновления исследовательского поля и построения новой картины мира, сложной и диверсифицированной. Накопление в Африке и в рамках африканской диаспоры «критической массы» талантливых ученых-интеллектуалов, ориентированных на «прорывы» в области философии и эпистемологии, отозвалось атакой на теоретические установки постмодернизма и постколониализма и динамичной трансформацией концептуальных установок и содержания африканских исследований. Африка вопреки установкам евроцентризма превратилась в эпистемологическую лабораторию, где в настоящее время идет разработка теорий, претендующих на превращение в метанарративы, в рамках которых возникают новые металексемы и метажанры. Постколониальные дискурсы несут в себе элементы метанауки - универсальной системы производства знания. Взаимосвязь фактов и методологии внутри них вполне соответствует веяниям времени - эпохе алгоритмов, выбор которых формирует механизмы научного познания, а также обеспечивает успех в борьбе со стереотипами, не только расовыми и этническими. Теоретико-методологическое значение постколониальных исследований связано с актуализацией изучения «узловых» проблем истории Африки и диаспоры, таких как колониализм и деколонизация, этничность и идентичность, гибридность и инаковость, эссенциализм и трансцендентность, исход и изгнание. Авторы акцентируют внимание на результатах взаимодействия исследователей африканского происхождения с постколониальной теорией, а также идеями постколониальности и деколониальности, в определенной мере противостоящих друг другу. Особое внимание уделено становлению обновленной эпистемологии и гносеологии знания в процессе становления «постколониальной библиотеки», вместившей в себя труды многих исследователей от Франца Фанона и Леопольда Сенгора до Кваме Энтони Аппиа и Ачилла Мбембе.

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