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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">29818</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0660-2021-21-4-747-757</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEACE AND SECURITY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИР И БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>世界和安全</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">International Aspects of Separatism in Contemporary Biafra</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Международные аспекты сепаратизма в современной Биафре</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6321-3503</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisova</surname><given-names>Tatyana S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in History, Leading Research Fellow, Head, Centre for Tropical Africa</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующая Центром изучения стран Тропической Африки</p></bio><email>tsden@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9983-9994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostelyanets</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костелянец</surname><given-names>Сергей Валерьянович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Political Science, Leading Research Fellow, Head, Centre for Sociological and Political Sciences Studies</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат политических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующий Центром социологических и политологических исследований</p></bio><email>sergey.kostelyanyets@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute for African Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт Африки РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">HSE University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">The Greater Mediterranean: Still Constructing the Macro-region</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Большое Средиземноморье: продолжая конструировать макрорегион</issue-title><fpage>747</fpage><lpage>757</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-12-27"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Denisova T.S., Kostelyanets S.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Денисова Т.С., Костелянец С.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Denisova T.S., Kostelyanets S.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Денисова Т.С., Костелянец С.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/29818">https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/29818</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">In the 21st century, the world at large and Africa in particular have encountered the rise of separatism, which has become one of the major challenges to stability. In Africa, over 20 countries face separatist movements, some of which demand full secession, while the rest - greater autonomy within the existing state. Most of Africa’s secessionist projects remain insignificant in scope and ineffectual, largely due to the absence or weakness of external support for separatists and to the commitment of the international community to preserve, with rare exceptions, the territorial integrity of states. The paper analyzes the reasons for the revival of the movement for the secession of Biafra decades after the end of the civil war between the central government of Nigeria and the separatists and looks into the international aspects that could fuel the conflict and exacerbate the military-political situation in West Africa, which is already turbulent due to the activities of Boko Haram terrorist group, other Islamist groupings in the Sahel, Cameroonian separatists of Ambazonia, etc. The present paper attempts to fill the gap in Russian Africanist literature on the current situation in Biafra, which is especially urgent due to the growing threat of separatism in Africa. Employing the historical approach, the authors analyze the nature of external involvement in the 1967-1970 Nigerian conflict, as well as methods of contemporary Biafran separatists, who seek international support. The paper concludes that due to various internal circumstances, as well as the practical lack of external material assistance, the establishment of a new “Republic of Biafra” will remain a utopian project for at least a decade, although separatist sentiments is likely to spread and hinder the achievement of internal political stability in West Africa, which is ridden with an increasing number of “hot spots”.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Рост сепаратистских настроений стал одной из наиболее острых политических проблем, с которыми мир в целом и Африка в частности столкнулись в ХХI в. На Черном континенте сепаратистские движения с разной степенью интенсивности действуют более чем в 20 странах; одни выступают с требованиями отделения территории, другие - расширения автономии в рамках существующего государства. Большинство африканских проектов, нацеленных на отделение, остаются незначительными по размаху и безрезультатными, что в значительной степени объясняется отсутствием или слабостью международной поддержки сепаратистов и приверженностью мирового сообщества сохранению - за редким исключением - территориальной целостности государств. Анализируются причины возрождения - через несколько десятилетий после окончания гражданской войны между центральным правительством Нигерии и сепаратистами Биафры - движения за отделение этого восточно-нигерийского региона и международные аспекты разгорающегося конфликта, способного обострить и без того неспокойную военно-политическую ситуацию, сложившуюся в Западной Африке благодаря деятельности террористической организации «Боко Харам», исламистских группировок в зоне Сахеля, камерунских сепаратистов Амбазонии и т. д. Актуальность предмета исследования обусловлена как возрастанием угрозы сепаратизма в Африке, так и отсутствием в российской африканистике работ, посвященных современной ситуации в Биафре. Используя исторический подход, авторы анализируют характер внешнего участия в нигерийском конфликте 1967-1970 гг. и пути поиска международной поддержки современными биафрскими сепаратистами. Делаются выводы, что в силу различных внутренних обстоятельств, а также практического отсутствия материальной помощи извне создание новой «Республики Биафра», по крайней мере в ближайшее десятилетие, останется проектом-утопией, хотя сепаратистские настроения будут распространяться и препятствовать достижению внутриполитической стабильности в Западноафриканском регионе, на территории которого появляется все больше «горячих точек».</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Nigeria</kwd><kwd>Biafra</kwd><kwd>civil war</kwd><kwd>conflicts</kwd><kwd>separatist movements</kwd><kwd>external support</kwd><kwd>diaspora</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Нигерия</kwd><kwd>Биафра</kwd><kwd>гражданская война</kwd><kwd>конфликты</kwd><kwd>сепаратистские движения</kwd><kwd>международная поддержка</kwd><kwd>диаспора</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта РНФ № 21-18-00123 «Анализ и моделирование развития Африки в контексте внешнеполитических интересов России».</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">The article was prepared within the framework of the Russian Science Foundation grant 21-18-00123 “Analysis and modeling of African development in the context of Russia’s foreign policy interests”.</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreeva, L. 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