Vestnik RUDN. International RelationsVestnik RUDN. International Relations2313-06602313-0679федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)2678010.22363/2313-0660-2021-21-2-325-337Research ArticleEcological Dimension in China’s Foreign Policy StrategyBoyarkinaAnna Vladimirovna<p>PhD in Politics, Associate Professor, Oriental Institute - School of Regional and International Studies</p>boyarkina.av@dvfu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9819-8171Far Eastern Federal University2206202121232533722062021Copyright © 2021, Boyarkina A.V.2021<p style="text-align: justify;">Against the backdrop of worsening ecological and climatic threats, which have taken on a truly global scale, states are rethinking their environmental protection approaches to address the growing environmental crisis. The intensive use of natural resources, characteristic of the traditional model of economic growth, no longer corresponds to the spirit of the modern environmental agenda. Instead, a new model of eco-culture is being postulated, suggesting a reasonable balance of economic, environmental and social development needs. The relationship between economic development and environmental protection challenges states, including those of the developing world, to switch to clean renewable energy sources, nuclear power plants, and the construction of environmentally friendly housing. As the new driver of globalization, China, facing the aggravation of environmental problems, fully understands the timeliness and importance of their solution like no one else. The article analyzes the environmental agenda in Chinas modern foreign policy using system analysis and the structural-functional method. The complication of the environmental situation in the PRC forces the countrys leadership to take active measures to combat climate change. Beijing is introducing eco-culture into its national development strategy, pursuing a course of building an ecological civilization based on respect and protection of nature. The concept of Xi Jinpings Community of One Destiny for Mankind is crucial in the conceptualization of the environmental dimension. An important role is given to the concepts of ecological civilization and two mountains. With reference to neo-Marxism, the study uses a morphological analysis of the ideology of M. Frieden, according to which the above theories can be classified as nuclear in the general course of socialism with Chinese characteristics. China continues to have a complex and alarming situation with atmospheric pollution. According to the authors deep conviction, within the framework of the general vector of ensuring the countrys prosperity, the PRC leadership is closely engaged in solving environmental problems, which is understood and supported by the world community. The practical implementation of the environmental agenda is mostly characteristic of Xi Jinpings foreign policy strategy.</p>Chinaenvironmental foreign policybuilding of ecological civilizationcommon ecocultureconcept of community of common destiny for all mankindconcept of ecological civilizationКитайэкологический аспект внешней политикистроительство «экологической цивилизации»единая экокультураконцепция «Сообщества единой судьбы человечества»концепция «экологической цивилизации»<p style="text-align: justify;"></p>
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<div class="preview fancybox" style="text-align: center;"><a title="Рис. 1. Годовые изменения глобальных выбросов CO2 в результате использования углеводородов и промышленных загрязнений в 20112015 гг." href="/files/journals/12/articles/26780/supp/26780-33636-1-SP.png" rel="simplebox"><img style="max-height: 600px; max-width: 600px;" src="/files/journals/12/articles/26780/supp/26780-33636-1-SP.png" /></a></div>
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<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Fig. 1. Change in CO<sub>2 </sub>emissions, 20112015<br /></strong><em>Source</em>: Decrease in Chinas coal use sees global emissions fall in 2015 // Carbon Brief Clear on climate. December 7, 2015. URL: <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/%0bdecrease-in-chinas-coal-use-sees-global-emissions-fall-in-2015">https://www.carbonbrief.org/decrease-in-chinas-coal-use-sees-global-emissions-fall-in-2015</a> (accessed: 26.09.2020).</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Table 1. TOP-10 Countries that Emitted the Most Carbon Dioxide into Atmosphere, 20152020, </strong><strong>millions of tons</strong></p>
<table style="height: 344px;" width="763">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 71.05px;">
<p><strong>№</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 157.683px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>Countries</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 148.2px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>20152016</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.8px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>2017</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.817px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>2018</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 145.25px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>20192020</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 71.05px;">
<p>1</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 157.683px; text-align: center;">
<p>China</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 148.2px; text-align: center;">
<p>10,671</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.8px; text-align: center;">
<p>9,839</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.817px; text-align: center;">
<p>9,528</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 145.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>11,535</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 71.05px;">
<p>2</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 157.683px; text-align: center;">
<p>USA</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 148.2px; text-align: center;">
<p>5,248</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.8px; text-align: center;">
<p>5,269</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.817px; text-align: center;">
<p>5,41</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 145.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>5,107</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 71.05px;">
<p>3</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 157.683px; text-align: center;">
<p>India</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 148.2px; text-align: center;">
<p>2,929</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.8px; text-align: center;">
<p>2,467</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.817px; text-align: center;">
<p>2,65</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 145.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>2,597</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 71.05px;">
<p>4</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 157.683px; text-align: center;">
<p>Russia</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 148.2px; text-align: center;">
<p>1,730</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.8px; text-align: center;">
<p>4,7</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.817px; text-align: center;">
<p>1,587</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 145.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>1,792</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 71.05px;">
<p>5</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 157.683px; text-align: center;">
<p>Japan</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 148.2px; text-align: center;">
<p>1,227</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.8px; text-align: center;">
<p>3,3</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.817px; text-align: center;">
<p>1,080</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 145.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>1,153</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 71.05px;">
<p>6</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 157.683px; text-align: center;">
<p>Germany</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 148.2px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,787</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.8px; text-align: center;">
<p>2,2</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.817px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,696</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 145.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,702</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 71.05px;">
<p>7</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 157.683px; text-align: center;">
<p>Iran</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 148.2px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,630</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.8px; text-align: center;">
<p>1,9</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.817px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,579</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 145.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,701</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 71.05px;">
<p>8</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 157.683px; text-align: center;">
<p>Saudi Arabia</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 148.2px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,604</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.8px; text-align: center;">
<p>1,8</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.817px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,492</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 145.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,614</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 71.05px;">
<p>9</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 157.683px; text-align: center;">
<p>South Korea</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 148.2px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,639</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.8px; text-align: center;">
<p>1,7</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.817px; text-align: center;">
<p>0, 606</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 145.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,651</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 71.05px;">
<p>10</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 157.683px; text-align: center;">
<p>Canada</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 148.2px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,588</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.8px; text-align: center;">
<p>1,6</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 101.817px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,565</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 145.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0,584</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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