<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">25273</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0660-2020-20-4-667-677</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEMATIC DOSSIER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ДОСЬЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The African Union and Peacekeeping in Africa: Challenges and Opportunities</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Африканский союз и поддержание мира в Африке: вызовы и возможности</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Apuuli</surname><given-names>Kasaija Phillip</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Апуули</surname><given-names>Касайя Филипп</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">PhD in International Law, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science and Public Administration</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры политологии и государственного управления</bio><email>phillip.kasaija@chuss.mak.ac.ug</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Makerere University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Макерере</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">New Modalities of Regional Peacekeeping</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Новые параметры регионального миротворчества</issue-title><fpage>667</fpage><lpage>677</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-12-17"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Apuuli K.P.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Апуули К.Ф.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Apuuli K.P.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Апуули К.Ф.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/25273">https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/25273</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">Africa continues to suffer from outbreaks of conflict, with evidence pointing to an increasing number of violent armed incidents. The establishment of the African Union (AU) heralded (or so it was hoped) a new era in how African conflicts are managed and resolved. Since 2003, the AU has mandated a number of peace support operations including the African Union Mission in Burundi (AMIB), the African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS), and the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), as a means to manage conflicts on the continent. In more recent times, the organization has also authorized three operations dealing with non-state armed groups namely the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), Boko Haram and the Sahel Region Jihadists. Whilst some of these peace support missions recorded successes in meeting their mandates, generally all of them faced or are facing a number of challenges including funding, and logistical inadequacies among others. At the same time, the AU’s engagement in peacekeeping in Africa has occasioned opportunities for the organization including: increasing its capacity building in the area of conflict prevention, management and resolution; adoption of initiatives like “Silencing the Guns” aimed at lessening the outbreak of conflicts; and establishing its own funding mechanisms on how to support its mandated and authorized peace support missions among others.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">Африка по-прежнему страдает от вспышек конфликтов, свидетельствующих о росте числа насильственных вооруженных инцидентов. Создание Африканского союза (АС) ознаменовало (по крайней мере на это надеялись) новую эру в урегулировании и разрешении африканских конфликтов. С 2003 г. в качестве средства управления конфликтами на континенте АС санкционировал ряд операций по поддержанию мира, включая миссии в Бурунди, Судане и Сомали. В более позднее время организация также утвердила три операции в отношении негосударственных вооруженных групп, таких как Господня армия сопротивления (ЛРА), «Боко Харам» и джихадисты региона Сахеля. Хотя некоторые из этих миссий добились успехов в выполнении своих задач, в целом все они столкнулись или сталкиваются с рядом трудностей, в том числе с проблемами финансирования и материально-технического обеспечения. Чтобы ослабить давление на свои ресурсы, организация начала санкционировать миротворческие миссии самопомощи, а именно: многонациональную совместную целевую группу, где объединены в основном военные из Бенина, Камеруна, Чада, Нигера и Нигерии, и объединенные силы «Сахельской группы пяти», в состав которой входят военные Буркина-Фасо, Мавритании, Мали, Нигера и Чада. В то же время участие АС в миротворческой деятельности в Африке открыло для организации новые возможности и повысило ее потенциал в области регулирования и разрешения конфликтов. Таким образом, АС принял стратегию предотвращения возникновения конфликтов с помощью таких инициатив, как «Заставить оружие замолчать», направленных на уменьшение случаев возникновения конфликтов и создание собственных механизмов финансирования, в частности для оказания поддержки своим санкционированным миссиям по поддержанию мира.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>African Union</kwd><kwd>funding</kwd><kwd>logistics</kwd><kwd>peacekeeping</kwd><kwd>Peace and Security Council</kwd><kwd>peace support</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Африканский союз</kwd><kwd>финансирование</kwd><kwd>материально-техническое обеспечение</kwd><kwd>миротворчество</kwd><kwd>Совет мира и безопасности</kwd><kwd>поддержание мира</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Abrahamsen, R. (2013). Introduction: Conflict and Security in Africa. In: Abrahamsen, R. (Eds.). Conflict and Security in Africa. Suffolk: Currey. P. 1-13.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Apuuli, K.P. (2013). The African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crises (AICRC) and the Establishment of the African Standby Force (ASF). Journal of African Union Studies, 2 (1-2), 63-88.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Apuuli, K.P. (2019). The AU’s New Financing Mechanisms: Self-financing at Last? In: Onditi, F., Ben-Nun, G., D’Alessandro, C. &amp; Levey, Z. (Eds.). Contemporary Africa and the Foreseeable World Order. Lanham: Lexington Books. P. 77-93.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Arthur, P. (2017). Promoting Security in Africa through Regional Economic Communities (RECs) and the African Union’s African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA). Insight on Africa, 9 (1), 1-21. DOI: 10.1177/0975087816674577</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Bachmann, O. (2011). The African Standby Force: External Support to an “African Solution to African Problems”? IDS Research Reports, 11 (67), 1-73. DOI: 10.1111/j.2040-0217.2011.00067_2.x. URL: www.ids.ac.uk/files/dmfile/Rr67web.pdf (accessed: 06.08.2020).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Bamidele, O. (2013). The Challenges of Peacekeeping in Africa: A Revisit. Strategic Review for Southern Africa, 35 (2), 117-134. URL: https://www.up.ac.za/media/shared/Legacy/sitefiles/file/46/1322/10bamidelepp117134.pdf (accessed: 06.08.2020).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Boutros-Ghali, B. (1992). An Agenda for Peace: Preventive Diplomacy, Peacemaking and Peace-keeping. International Relations, 11 (3), 201-218. DOI: 10.1177/004711789201100302</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Brubacher, M., Damman, E.K. &amp; Day, C. (2017). The AU Task Forces: An African Response to Transnational Armed Groups. Journal of Modern African Studies, 55 (2), 275-299. DOI: 10.1017/S0022278X17000040</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>De Carvalho, G. (2016). African Peace Operations in Burundi: A Decade of Re-Hatting Experiences. In: Aboagye, F.B. (Eds.). A Comprehensive Review of African Conflicts and Regional Interventions. Addis Ababa: APSTA. P. 169-181.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>De Waal, A. (2008). Prospects for Peace in Darfur: A Challenge to the African Union. In: Adejumobi, S. &amp; Olukoshi, A. (Eds.). The African Union and New Strategies for Development in Africa. New York: Cambria Press. P. 435-455.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Diehl, P.F. (2007). New Roles for Regional Organizations. In: Crocker, C., Hampson, F.O. &amp; Aall, P. (Eds.). Leashing the Dogs of War. Washington DC: USIP Press. P. 535-553.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Feldman, R.L. (2008). Problems Plaguing the African Union Peacekeeping Forces. Defense &amp; Security Analysis, 24 (3), 267-279. DOI: 10.1080/14751790802321388</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Ferim, V. (2013). African Solutions to African Problems: The Fault Line in Conflict Prevention in Africa. In: Muchie, M., Lukhele-Olorunju, P. &amp; Akpor, O. (Eds.). The African Union Ten Years After: Solving African Problems with Pan-Africanism and the African Renaissance. Pretoria: Africa Institute of South Africa. P. 143-156.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Guicherd, C. (2007). The AU in Sudan: Lessons for the African Standby Force. New York: IPA. P. 1-35. URL: https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/126721/au_in_sudan_eng_02_2007.pdf (accessed: 07.08.2020).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Hillier, D. (2007). Africa’s Missing Billions: International Arms Flows and the Cost of Conflict. IANSA, Oxfam International and Saferworld Briefing Paper, 107, 1-38. URL: https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10546/123908/bp-africas-missing-billions-111007-en.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y (accessed: 08.08.2020).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Jackson, S. (2006). The United Nations Operation in Burundi (ONUB) - Political and Strategic Lessons Learned. New York: Conflict Prevention and Peace Forum. P. 1-34. URL: https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/8D5EBEBA116301578525737800723F14-Full_Report.pdf (accessed: 08.08.2020).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Khadiagala, G.M. (2015). Silencing the Guns: Strengthening Governance to Prevent, Manage and Resolve Conflicts in Africa. New York: International Peace Institute. P. 1-32. URL: https://www.ipinst.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/IPI_Rpt-Silencing_the_Guns-Strengthening_Governance_Africa.pdf (accessed: 07.08.2020).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Mills, G., Obasanjo, O., Biti, T. &amp; Herbst, J. (2019). Democracy Works: Turning Politics to Africa’s Advantage. London: Hurst &amp; Company.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Neethling, T. (1999). Towards Joint Ventures: Use of UN Observer Missions in Africa. In: Cilliers, J. &amp; Mills, G. (Eds.). From Peacekeeping to Complex Emergencies: Peace Support Missions in Africa. Pretoria: South African Institute of International Affairs and the Institute for Security Studies. P. 27-44.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Williams, P.D. (2009). The African Union’s Peace Operations: A Comparative Analysis. African Security, 2 (2-3), 97-118. DOI: 10.1080/19362200903361937</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Williams, P.D. (2011). War and Conflict in Africa. Cambridge: Polity Press.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Williams, P.D. (2017). Global and Regional Peacekeepers: Trends, Opportunities, Risks and a Way Ahead. Global Policy, 8 (1), 124-129. DOI: 10.1111/1758-5899.12393</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Williams, P.D. (2018). Fighting for Peace in Somalia: A History and Analysis of the African Union Mission (AMISOM), 2007-2017. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
