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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">23331</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0660-2020-20-1-184-196</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>国际经济关系</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Transboundary Water Conflicts as Postcolonial Legacy (the Case of Nile Basin)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Трансграничные водные конфликты как постколониальное наследие (на примере бассейна Нила)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdullah</surname><given-names>Adam Muhammad Ahmed</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдулла</surname><given-names>Адам Мухаммад Ахмед</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Department of Political Science</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор, департамент политических наук</p></bio><email>sooni2010@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyduck</surname><given-names>Celia</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дидук</surname><given-names>Селия</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant, Department of Theory and History of International Relations</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры теории и истории международных отношений</p></bio><email>celiadyduck@yahoo.fr</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ahmed</surname><given-names>Taha Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмед</surname><given-names>Таха Я.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student, Department of Theory and History of International Relations</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры теории и истории международных отношений</p></bio><email>tahahassan88@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Al-Zaeem Al-Azhari University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Аль-Заим Аль-Азхари</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Decolonization, Neocolonialism and Recolonization: 60th Anniversary of the Year of Africa</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Деколонизация, неоколониализм и реколонизация: к 60-летию Года Африки</issue-title><fpage>184</fpage><lpage>196</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-03-30"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Abdullah A.M., Dyduck C., Ahmed T.Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Абдулла А.М., Дидук С., Ахмед Т.Я.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abdullah A.M., Dyduck C., Ahmed T.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абдулла А.М., Дидук С., Ахмед Т.Я.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/23331">https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/23331</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>It is not shortage or lack of water that leads to conflict but the way how water is governed and managed. It is said that water will be, much more than oil, the major geopolitical issue of the 21st century. Although it is difficult to demonstrate this, it is clear that the increasing scarcity of the resource, on the one hand, and the configuration of its availability, on the other, are conflict-generating. In the particular case of the African continent, the large catchment basins of the Nile, Niger and Chad, shared by many states of unequal power, are the scene of inefficient hydro-diplomacy. Indeed, north to south, the Nile Delta is 161 km long and covers the coastline of Egypt from Alexandria in the west to Port Said in the east. Egypt with 100 mln population is de facto the principal hydro-hegemon state in the Nile basin. Nevertheless, a couple of riparian states, as Ethiopia (105 mln population), have taken measures in order to challenge this status quo: the signature and launching of the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI), the signature of Cooperative Framework Agreement (CFA), the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) and the signing of the Declaration of Principles Agreement. The article attempts to analyse the urgency of the problem of water resources allocation in Africa with particular focus to the Nile basin and the complexity of agreements regulating the issue dating back to the colonial era. The study also emphasizes the difficulties bilateral and multilateral aids faced while trying to solve a conflict. As Nile for many states is not just a source of water, it is the host of a fragile ecosystem, essential for maintaining the environmental and ecological balance of North-East Africa.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Причиной водных конфликтов является не нехватка воды, а то, как она распределяется. В будущем роль воды будет важнее, чем нефти, а водная проблема станет главной геополитической проблемой XXI в. Очевидно, что растущая нехватка водных ресурсов, с одной стороны, и неэффективные режимы их распределения и управления - с другой порождают конфликты. На Африканском континенте крупные водосборные бассейны Нила, Нигера и Чада разделены между целым рядом государств с различной мощностью и являются ареной водной дипломатии. Так, дельта Нила протянулась с севера на юг на 161 км и охватывает территорию от Александрии на западе до Порт-Саида на востоке. Египет со 100-миллионным населением де-факто является основным гидрогегемоном в бассейне Нила. Тем не менее, несколько прибрежных государств, таких как Эфиопия (105 млн населения), приняли меры, чтобы бросить вызов этому статус-кво, в том числе подписание и запуск Инициативы по бассейну Нила (NBI), подписание Рамочного соглашения о сотрудничестве (CFA), строительство «Великой плотины возрождения Эфиопии» и подписание Соглашения о декларации принципов. В статье предпринята попытка проанализировать актуальность проблемы распределения водных ресурсов в Африке с особым акцентом на бассейн Нила и сложность соглашений, регулирующих эту проблему еще с колониальных времен. В исследовании также подчеркиваются трудности, с которыми сталкивается разрешение данного конфликта на двусторонней и многосторонней основе. Для многих государств региона Нил является не просто источником воды, но и представляет собой хрупкую экосистему, необходимую для поддержания экологического баланса в Северо-Восточной Африке.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Africa</kwd><kwd>water</kwd><kwd>conflict</kwd><kwd>Nile basin</kwd><kwd>Egypt</kwd><kwd>Sudan</kwd><kwd>Ethiopia</kwd><kwd>Nile Basin Initiative (NBI)</kwd><kwd>Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Африка</kwd><kwd>вода</kwd><kwd>конфликт</kwd><kwd>бассейн Нила</kwd><kwd>Египет</kwd><kwd>Судан</kwd><kwd>Эфиопия</kwd><kwd>Инициатива бассейна Нила (NBI)</kwd><kwd>«Великая плотина возрождения Эфиопии»</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><award-id></award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Abi Chacra, E. (2005). Les eaux du Nil: désamorcer les conflits par le partage équitable. 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