Vestnik RUDN. International RelationsVestnik RUDN. International RelationsВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения2313-06602313-0679федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)2332110.22363/2313-0660-2020-20-1-39-53THEMATIC DOSSIERТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ДОСЬЕResearch ArticleSixty Years Later: Africa’s Stalled Decolonization60 лет спустя: незавершенная деколонизация АфрикиTaylorIanТэйлорЯнPhD, Professor in International Relations and African Political Economy, University of St Andrews; Extraordinary Professor, University of Stellenbosch; Chair Professor, School of International Studies, Renmin Universityдоктор философии, профессор по международным отношениям и африканской политэкономии, Университет Сент-Эндрюс, Великобритания; экстраординарный профессор, Стелленбосский университет, ЮАР; заведующий кафедрой, Школа международных исследований, Китайский народный университетict@st-andrews.ac.ukUniversity of St AndrewsУниверситет Сент-Эндрюс15122020201Decolonization, Neocolonialism and Recolonization: 60th Anniversary of the Year of AfricaДеколонизация, неоколониализм и реколонизация: к 60-летию Года Африки395330032020Copyright ©; 2020, Taylor I.Copyright ©; 2020, Тэйлор Я.2020Taylor I.Тэйлор Я.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/23321The year 1960 marked the moment when the number of nominally independent African countries on the continent rose from nine to twenty-six and is a symbolic indicator of when Africa began to emerge from the days of European colonization. However, from the beginning, very few of Africa’s leaders sought to reorganize the continent’s economic structures and did virtually nothing to question its external exchange relations. Preferring to play the role of compradors, most preferred to stay wedded to their former colonial masters. Consequently, sixty years after the Year of Africa, most African countries continue to be entrenched in a set of connections that fit well with Kwame Nkrumah’s description of neocolonialism. This neocolonialism has a highly resilient material base which continues to maintain the continent in its subordinate global status and which perpetuates its underdevelopment. Sustainable growth and development in Africa continues to be blocked by the domination of external economies. African countries remain constrained from accumulating the necessary capital for auto-centric growth since the surplus is transferred overseas. Asymmetrical economic relationships are embodied by the continued supremacy of the core over Africa, something intrinsic to capitalism. Unequal exchange, the transfer of surplus i.e. the continued looting of Africa by its elites and their foreign associates, means that the dreams and aspirations of 1960, for the majority of Africans at least, have been frustrated.1960 год, ознаменованный тем, что число формально независимых африканских стран на континенте возросло с 9 до 26, стал символом наступления новой эпохи - освобождения Африки от европейской колонизации. Однако с самого начала очень немногие африканские лидеры стремились по-настоящему реорганизовать экономические модели и практически не ставили под сомнение внешние экономические отношения африканских стран. Они предпочитали играть роль компрадоров, оставаясь преданными своим бывшим колониальным хозяевам. Соответственно, спустя 60 лет после Года Африки большинство африканских стран по-прежнему укоренены в системе отношений, которая хорошо соответствует определению неоколониализма в трактовке Кваме Нкрумы. Этот неоколониализм сохраняет устойчивую материальную базу, что позволяет поддерживать подчиненный статус континента в мире и его отсталость. Устойчивый рост и развитие в Африке нивелируется доминированием экономической модели, ориентированной на экспорт. Африканские страны все также ограничены в накоплении необходимого капитала для обеспечения эндогенного роста, поскольку основные доходы переводятся за границу. Асимметричные экономические отношения воплощаются в непрекращающемся превосходстве стран мирового ядра над Африкой, что внутренне присуще капитализму. 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