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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">22842</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-0660-2019-19-4-632-642</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEACE AND SECURITY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИР И БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>世界和安全</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Myths and Reality of “Lone Wolf” Terrorism in the Context of Islamist Extremism</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Мифы и реальность терроризма «одиночек» в контексте исламистского экстремизма</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yashlavskii</surname><given-names>Andrei Eduardovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яшлавский</surname><given-names>Андрей Эдуардович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Politics, Senior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат политических наук, старший научный сотрудник сектора теории политики</p></bio><email>dosier@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский институт мировой экономики и международных отношений имени Е.М. Примакова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Islamic Factor in World Politics</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Исламский фактор в мировой политике</issue-title><fpage>632</fpage><lpage>642</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-02-07"><day>07</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Yashlavskii A.E.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Яшлавский А.Э.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yashlavskii A.E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яшлавский А.Э.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/22842">https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/22842</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes the peculiarities of the terrorism of “lone actors”, acting under the influence of militant Islamist ideology. Although the potential of lone actors does not look so impressive compared to large terrorist groups, “lone wolves” terrorists are not becoming less dangerous. The danger of the phenomenon is due to the particular difficulty of preventing terrorist acts carried out by lone terrorists. At the same time, existing terrorist groups (e.g. ISIS), on the one hand, use the actions of lone terrorists for their propaganda purposes, and, on the other, try to inspire potential like-minded people to act alone. Thus, the actions of lone terrorists are included in the wider context of the extremist movement (“global jihad”). The article concludes that countering this threat is not only necessary, but possible. But this struggle requires both flexibility and responsibility.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Одной из наиболее опасных тенденций в современном терроризме является рост количества террористических актов, совершаемых одиночными акторами, не связанными напрямую с существующими террористическими организациями. В случае террористических проявлений, мотивированных салафитско-джихадистскими идеями, эту тенденцию можно рассматривать в контексте трансформации террористических группировок в организации с «плоской иерархией» и использования тактики «автономного джихада». В статье анализируются особенности терроризма «одиночек», действующих под влиянием воинствующей исламистской идеологии. Хотя по сравнению с крупными террористическими группировками потенциал одиночных экстремистов выглядит не столь впечатляющим, террористы-одиночки не менее опасны, что обусловлено, прежде всего, особой трудностью предотвращения терактов, осуществляемых ими. В то же время террористические группировки, с одной стороны, используют действия одиночных акторов в своих пропагандистских целях, а с другой - пытаются воодушевить потенциальных единомышленников на действия в одиночку. Таким образом, действия террористов-одиночек оказываются вписанными в более широкий контекст экстремистского движения («глобального джихада»). В статье делается вывод, что хотя борьба с терроризмом «одиночек» крайне затруднена, противодействие этой угрозе не только необходимо, но и возможно. В то же время эта борьба требует максимальной гибкости и ответственности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lone terrorists</kwd><kwd>lone wolf terrorism</kwd><kwd>lone actor terrorism</kwd><kwd>terrorism</kwd><kwd>jihadism</kwd><kwd>autonomous jihad</kwd><kwd>leaderless jihad</kwd><kwd>ISIL (ISIS, Islamic State, IS - organization is prohibited in the Russian Federation)</kwd><kwd>Al-Qaeda (organization is prohibited in the Russian Federation)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>террористы-одиночки</kwd><kwd>терроризм</kwd><kwd>джихадизм</kwd><kwd>автономный джихад</kwd><kwd>ИГИЛ  («Исламское государство», ИГ - организация запрещена в РФ)</kwd><kwd>«Аль-Каида» (организация запрещена в РФ)</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><award-id></award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bennet, B.P. (2007). 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