Vestnik RUDN. International RelationsVestnik RUDN. International RelationsВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения2313-06602313-0679федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)1606710.22363/2313-0660-2017-17-2-325-338PEACE AND SECURITYМИР И БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ世界和安全Research ArticleThe Journal “Geopolitica” and Formation of the Italian Geopolitical SchoolЖурнал «Geopolitica» и становление итальянской геополитической школыShepelevMaximilian Al’bertovichШепелевМаксимилиан Альбертовичma_shepelev@mail.ruSouth-Western State UniversityЮго-Западный государственный университет15122017172The Ideology, morality and international relations: the experience of the East and WestИдеология, мораль и международные отношения: опыт Востока и Запада32533815052017Copyright ©; 2017, Shepelev M.A.Copyright ©; 2017, Шепелев М.А.2017Shepelev M.A.Шепелев М.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/16067The article reveals the origins, methodological features and the process of institutionalization of Italian geopolitical school, place and role of the journal “Geopolitica” in this process. The article analyzes the characteristics of Italian geopolitical perception of the world and its geostrategic priorities, formulated by the representatives of the Italian geopolitical schools in the period of its formation in 20-40-ies of the XX century (the Mediterranean - Mare nostrum, Euroafrica). The source of the formation of the Italian geopolitical school was the intellectual influence of irredentism un the age of the Risorgimento. The process of its formation was correlated with the formation of the modern national school of geographical science, in which was dominated the perception of geography as “utilitarian science” and developed the direction of “dynamic political geography”. Its specifical features was the “antideterminism” and “geographic humanism”, the recognition that the environment does not have absolute power over society, but political will is a determining factor in anthropogeographical area. The institutionalization of Italian political school promoted the creation of several research centres in the 20-30-ies and publishing from January 1939 to December 1942 magazine “Geopolitica”. The draft edition of this magazine received support from the minister of national education Giuseppe Bottai, it was headed by Professor Giorgio Roletto and his disciple, Ernesto Massi. Italian geopolitics maintained close ties with their German colleagues, but they were theoretically justified differences between “Latin” and “German” geopolitical worldviews. Unlike the German geopolitics, the concept of “living space” was used primarily in the economic sense, but it was not used in a racial-demographic sense. Italian geopolitics acted against the world order enshrined in the Treaty of Versailles, because it was protected only a “rich nation” and discriminated “the proletarian nation”, which include Italy. They considered England as the main enemy of Italy, as “new Carthage”. For fighting against England was proposed to build friendly relations with Spain, Turkey and the Arab world, which should create conditions for the implementation of an ambitious project Euroafrica as a large space under the auspices of Italy. This project was considered as the Italian version of the “Monroe doctrine”. First of all, italian geopolitics sought to regain control of Italy over the North-Eastern Africa and on Terra irredenta (both shores of the Adriatic with Dalmatia and Albania, Malta, Corsica, Nice, Savoie and the Swiss Canton of Ticino, where many Italian compatriots was lived).В статье рассматриваются истоки, методологические особенности и процесс институционализации итальянской геополитической школы, место и роль в этом процессе журнала «Geopolitica». Анализируются особенности итальянского геополитического мировосприятия и геостратегические приоритеты, сформулированные представителями итальянской геополитической школы в период ее становления в 20-40-е гг. ХХ в. (Средиземноморье - Mare nostrum, Евроафрика). Показано, что ее специфика проистекала из уникального исторического опыта и культурной идентичности Италии как наследницы величия Римской империи и ядра мирового католицизма, а также из особенностей ее геополитического положения в качестве центра Средиземноморского мира. Представители итальянской школы (Р. Альмаджа, Л. де Марчи, Э. Масси, Дж. Ролетто, А. Тоньоло и др.) стремились, при определенной идеологической ангажированности, выразить и защитить эту уникальность, положить ее в основу выработки национальной геостратегии, отвечавшей вызовам эпохи. 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