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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik RUDN. International Relations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-0660</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-0679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">14764</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject></subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Geopolitical Dimensions of the Syrian Conflict</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Геополитическое измерение сирийского конфликта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Wakim</surname><given-names>Jamal</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ваким</surname><given-names>Джамаль</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>jamalwakim1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>Alexander Andreevich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Александр Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>samarkand4@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Beyruth Arab University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Бейрутский арабский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">International Conflicts: Quo Vadis?</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Международные конфликты: Quo Vadis?</issue-title><fpage>461</fpage><lpage>472</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-12-28"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2016, Wakim J., Kuznetsov A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2016, Ваким Д., Кузнецов А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Wakim J., Kuznetsov A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ваким Д., Кузнецов А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/14764">https://journals.rudn.ru/international-relations/article/view/14764</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article touches upon geopolitical dimension of the Syrian conflict. The authors consider in details regional subdivision of Syria and relations of Syrian regions with border countries. The authors of the article conclude that Arab nationalism as the Syrian state ideology and positioning of Syria as the center of Arab world were indispensable taking into account multiconfessional nature of Syria. Authors study the geostrategical doctrine of Hafez Asad (1970-2000) aimed to restore the territorial integrity of Syria (return of the Golan heights) and creation of Great Syria, bring to light reasons of the alliances of Syria with Soviet Union and Iran. The authors discover reasons of hostility toward Syria from such actors as United States, Saudi Arabia, Turkey. The hostile attitude of the US political elites toward the Syrian state can be explained by American intention to undermine strategic partnership between Syria and Iran. Enmity of Saudi hostility toward the Syrian regime began with the assassination of the Lebanese Prime Minister Rafic Hariri (2005). This action destroyed the political balance in Lebanon and was considered by the Saudis as a threat to their interests. Article contains analysis of the Syrian role in the Saudi-Iranian rivalry. To opinion of the authors, Turkish involvement in the Syrian conflict began with the attempts of the regime’s change in this country and evolved to the defense of Turkish national interests from the Kurdish factor. The authors make some conclusions about the role of US, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey in the Syrian conflicts. In the article it’s made some forecasts about the development of Syrian conflict. The authors especially predict possibility of disintegration of the Syrian state according to spheres of influence of the external actors involved to this conflict with Mediterranean coast, Homs and Damascus under the control of government, northern regions of the country under Kurdish control, Raqqa and Deir el Zor probably under Turkish control and the Southern Syria (Hawran) probably under Jordanian control.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье содержатся подробное исследование и анализ геополитической составляющей сирийского конфликта. Подробно рассматриваются региональное деление Сирии, особенности регионов этой страны и их тяготение к сопредельным государствам. Вскрывается природа Сирии как объекта, а не субъекта мировой политики в 1946-1970 гг. Показаны основные риски внедрения в Сирии идеологии арабского национализма и позиционирования Дамаска в качестве полюса арабского единства в условиях поликонфессиональной природы сирийского общества. Представлен геополитический курс президента Хафеза Асада (1970-2000 гг.), выявляются причины стратегического альянса Сирии в конце ХХ в. с Советским Союзом и Ираном, а также цели режима Х. Асада во внешнеполитическом плане (возвращение Голанских высот и создание Великой Сирии). Выявляются причины, приведшие к кризису 2011 г., причины изоляции Сирии и враждебности по отношению к ней таких акторов как США, Саудовская Аравия, Турция. Рассматривается роль Сирии в рамках ирано-саудовского регионального соперничества. Делаются выводы о геостратегических целях Саудовской Аравии, Ирана, Турции в сирийском конфликте, а также прогноз развития этого военно-политического кризиса.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>geopolitics</kwd><kwd>Syria</kwd><kwd>US</kwd><kwd>Turkey</kwd><kwd>Iran</kwd><kwd>Saudi Arabia</kwd><kwd>Saudi-Iranian rivalry</kwd><kwd>Arab nationalism</kwd><kwd>Kurdish factor</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>геополитика</kwd><kwd>арабский национализм</kwd><kwd>Сирия</kwd><kwd>Турция</kwd><kwd>Саудовская Аравия</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Иран</kwd><kwd>ирано-саудовское соперничество</kwd><kwd>курдский фактор</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Аleksandrov, А.I. (2013). Syria: o voennom I diplomaticheskom kontekste podgotovki k conferencii Geneva-2 [Syria: a military and diplomatic preparation for the conference "Geneva-2"]. 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