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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инновационная экономика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-5607</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">49645</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">THE GCC TODAY AND TOMORROW: AN ANALYSIS OF GROWTH FACTORS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ССАГПЗ СЕГОДНЯ И ЗАВТРА: АНАЛИЗ ФАКТОРОВ РОСТА</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkvarya</surname><given-names>Lyudmila Vasilievna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкваря</surname><given-names>Людмила Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Economics, Professor of the Department of Political Economy at RUDN University</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д.э.н., профессор кафедры политической экономии РУДН</p></bio><email>destard@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusakovich</surname><given-names>Vasiliy Igorevich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русакович</surname><given-names>Василий Игоревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of World Economy at the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>К.э.н., доцент кафедры Мировой экономики РЭУ им. Г.В. Плеханова</p></bio><email>destard@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский экономический университет имени Плеханова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-08"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-08"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Инновационная экономика</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Инновационная экономика</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/in-econ/article/view/49645">https://journals.rudn.ru/in-econ/article/view/49645</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>The article examines the state of the factors in the development of the economy of Persian Gulf countries – Bahrain, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait, UAE and Saudi Arabia. The author identified the internal factors (land and labour as well as capital), and external – foreign trade and export/import of investment. Each of them made a certain contribution to the socio-economic dynamics of the countries of the region. The external factor – foreign trade based on domestic factor "land" remains fundamental, as shown by global and regional economic trends in 2014-2015 In this regard, the author comes to the conclusion that the countries are facing serious challenges to further diversify the national economy and developing new sources of funding socio-economic processes in the region.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>В статье анализируется состояние факторов развития экономики стран Персидского залива – Бахрейна, Омана, Катара, Кувейта, ОАЭ и Саудовской Аравии. Авторами выделены внутренние факторы (земля и труд, а также капитал), и внешние – внешняя торговля и вывоз/ввоз инвестиций. Каждый из них внес свой определенный вклад в социально-экономическую динамику стран региона. При этом внешний фактор  – внешняя торговля, – основанный на внутреннем факторе «земля» остается основополагающим, как показывают мировые и региональные экономические тенденции в 2014-2015 гг. В этой связи авторы приходят к выводу, что перед странами стоят серьезные задачи по дальнейшей диверсификации национальной экономики и формированию новых источников финансирования социально-экономических процессов в регионе.</italic></p></trans-abstract><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aidrus I.A.Z. Development of Islamic Finance: The Role of the Kingdom of Bahrain // Finance and Credit. - 2014. - No. 47 (623). - Pp. 39-47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Айдрус И.А.З. 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