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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инновационная экономика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-5607</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">49303</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">AN INNOVATIVE COMPONENT OF THE ECONOMY OF THE GCC COUNTRIES</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ИННОВАЦИОННАЯ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩАЯ ЭКОНОМИКИ СТРАН ССАГПЗ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkvarya</surname><given-names>Lyudmila Vasilyevna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкваря</surname><given-names>Людмила Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Economics, Professor at the Department of Political Economy, RUDN University</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д.э.н., профессор кафедры политической экономии РУДН</p></bio><email>destard@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов (РУДН)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-30"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-30"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Инновационная экономика</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Инновационная экономика</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/in-econ/article/view/49303">https://journals.rudn.ru/in-econ/article/view/49303</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>In recent years, the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) have embarked on a series of reforms and initiatives targeted at immediate challenges within their innovation systems. These challenges include the need to cultivate human capital and to promote research and development (R&amp;D). These countries are also developing traditional sectors (such as oil and gas, petrochemicals, basic industries, and water desalination) and nascent ones (including aerospace, healthcare, and renewable energy). The GCC has made significant progress in a relatively short time.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>В последние годы Страны Сотрудничества Арабских государств Персидского Залива (ССАГПЗ) приступили к осуществлению ряда реформ и инициативы, нацеленных на немедленное решение проблем в своих инновационных системах. Эти проблемы включают в себя прежде всего развитие человеческого капитала и стимулирование исследований и разработок (НИОКР). Эти страны также осуществляют развитие традиционных отраслей (таких как нефть и газ, нефтехимия, основные отрасли промышленности, опреснение воды) и нарождающихся, (в том числе аэрокосмическая, здравоохранение, энергетика, основанная на использовании возобновляемых источников энергии). В этом ССАГПЗ добился значительного прогресса в сравнительно короткое время.</italic></p></trans-abstract><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aidrous, I.A.Z. Bahrain's International Cooperation in the Oil and Gas Sector and the Role of External Factors // Scientific Review. Series 1: Economics and Law. 2015, no. 5, pp. 5-15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Айдрус И.А.З. Международное сотрудничество Бахрейна в нефтегазовой сфере и роль внешнего фактора // Научное обозрение. 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