<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инновационная экономика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-5607</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">49133</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Geographical and commodity structure features of Belgium's foreign trade</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности географической и товарной структуры внешней торговли Бельгии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9470-0037</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">55943484900</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1724-6141</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Massarova</surname><given-names>Alena Ramilevna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Массарова</surname><given-names>Алена Рамильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant Professor at the Department of Regional Economics and Geography, Faculty of Economics, RUDN University</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент кафедры региональной экономики и географии экономического факультета РУДН</p></bio><email>massarova-ar@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lugovskaya</surname><given-names>Ekaterina Mikhailovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луговская</surname><given-names>Екатерина Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>First-year student at the Institute of World Economy and Business at RUDN University</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент 1 курса Института мировой экономики и бизнеса РУДН</p></bio><email>1032193395@pfur.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов (РУДН)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-24"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-24"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Инновационная экономика</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Инновационная экономика</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/in-econ/article/view/49133">https://journals.rudn.ru/in-econ/article/view/49133</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>The article presents the features of Belgium's foreign trade in 1995-2018. The dynamics of foreign trade indicators of Belgium (export volume, export volume, foreign trade turnover and foreign trade turnover) is analyzed. Regularities are revealed between the dynamics of the main indicators of foreign trade and world and regional events. The main foreign trade partners of Belgium are highlighted, the commodity structure of Belgium's exports and imports is analyzed.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>В статье рассматриваются особенности внешней торговли Бельгии в 1995-2018 гг. Анализируется динамика внешнеторговых показателей Бельгии: объем экспорта, объем импорта, внешнеторговое сальдо и внешнеторговый оборот. Выявляются закономерности между динамикой основных показателей внешней торговли и мировыми и региональными событиями. Выделяются основные внешнеторговые партнеры Бельгии, анализируется товарная структура экспорта и импорта Бельгии.</italic></p></trans-abstract><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borko U.A. ES posle finansovo-ekonomicheskogo krizisa [EU after the financial and economic crisis]. Evropejskiy soyuz v XXI veke: vremya ispytaniy, 2012. Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=23509701 (accessed 24 July 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Борко Ю.А. ЕС после финансово-экономического кризиса // Европейский союз в XXI веке: время испытаний, 2012 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=23509701 (дата обращения: 24.07.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bugakova E.A. Migratsionnyy krizis v Evrope i popytki ES nayti ego razresheniye [The migration crisis in Europe and the EU's attempts to find a solution]. Molodoy ucheniy, 2016, no. 5, pp. 571-573. Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25652294 (accessed 24 July 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бугакова Е.А. Миграционный кризис в Европе и попытки ЕС найти его разрешение // Молодой ученый. – 2016. - №5. – С. 571-573 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25652294 (дата обращения: 24.07.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burlutskiy M.A. Osobennosti vneshney torgovli Belgii [Features of Belgium's foreign trade]. Valyutnoe regulirovanie. Valyutniy kontrol', 2020, no. 4, pp. 9-12. Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42753990 (accessed 24 July 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бурлуцкий М.А. Особенности внешней торговли Бельгии // Валютное регулирование. Валютный контроль. – 2020. - №4. – С. 9-12 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42753990 (дата обращения: 24.07.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gasanova D.KH., Omarova Z.O. Osnovnye napravleniya vneshneekonomicheskoy deyatel'nosti Belgii [The main directions of foreign economic activity of Belgium]. Aktual'nye voprosy prava, ekonomiki i upravleniya, 2019. Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=41118465 (accessed 24 July 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гасанова Д.Х., Омарова З.О. Основные направления внешнеэкономической деятельности Бельгии // Актуальные вопросы права, экономики и управления, 2019 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=41118465 (дата обращения: 24.07.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Potapova I. Dolgovoy krizis v ES [Debt Crisis in EU]. Mirovoye i natsional'noye khozyaystvo. Available at: https://mirec.mgimo.ru/2012-01/dolgovoi-krizis-es (accessed 24 July 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Потапова И. Долговой кризис в ЕС // Мировое и национальное хозяйство, 2012 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://mirec.mgimo.ru/2012-01/dolgovoi-krizis-es (дата обращения: 01.08.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shiraliev M.O. Evolyutsiya mirovogo finansovogo krizisa: ot ipotechnogo krizisa v SSHA k dolgovomu krizisu v Yevrope [The evolution of the global financial crisis: from the US mortgage crisis to the European debt crisis]. Voprosy ekonomiki i prava, 2012, no. 54, pp. 146-150. Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=18790776 (accessed 24 July 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ширалиев М.О. Эволюция мирового финансового кризиса: от ипотечного кризиса в США к долговому кризису в Европе // Вопросы экономики и права. – 2012. - № 54. – С. 146-150 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=18790776 (дата обращения: 24.07.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Economic situation. Country notes: Belgium, 2011. Available at: www.oecd.org/gov/budgeting/47840665.pdf (accessed 05 April 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Economic situation. Country notes: Belgium, 2011 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: www.oecd.org/gov/budgeting/47840665.pdf (дата обращения: 05.04.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Political crisis in Belgium. Etudier, 2020. Available at: www.etudier.com/dissertations/Political-Crisis-In-Belgium/226664.html (accessed 01 August 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Political crisis in Belgium, 2020. Etudier [Электронный ресурс]. URL: www.etudier.com/dissertations/Political-Crisis-In-Belgium/226664.html (дата обращения: 01.08.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Europe’s asylum policy in crisis: the case of Belgium. Emigration law blog, 2016. Available at: https://eumigrationlawblog.eu/europes-asylum-policy-in-crisis-the-case-of-belgium/(accessed 05 April 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Europe’s asylum policy in crisis: the case of Belgium. Emigration law blog, 2016 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://eumigrationlawblog.eu/europes-asylum-policy-in-crisis-the-case-of-belgium/ (дата обращения: 05.04.2020)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russia. European Commission, 2019. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/russia/ (accessed 12 April 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Russia. European Commission, 2019 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/russia/ (дата обращения: 12.04.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bilaterale relaties, 2019, Available at: www.gov.pl/web/belgium/bilaterale-relaties/ (accessed 11 April 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bilaterale relaties, 2019 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: www.gov.pl/web/belgium/bilaterale-relaties (дата обращения: 11.04.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">What does Belgium’s asylum policy look like. Infomigrants, 2017, Available at: www.infomigrants.net/en/post/4759/what-does-belgium-s-asylum-policy-look-like (accessed 01 August 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">What does Belgium’s asylum policy look like. Infomigrants, 2017 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: www.infomigrants.net/en/post/4759/what-does-belgium-s-asylum-policy-look-like (дата обращения: 01.08.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">V Bel'gii ofitsial'no nachalsya ekonomicheskiy spad [The economic downturn has officially begun in Belgium]. Belgiya-anons, 2012, Available at: https://rg.ru/2012/02/02/belgiya-anons.html (accessed 01 August 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">В Бельгии официально начался экономический спад // Бельгия-анонс, 2012 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://rg.ru/2012/02/02/belgiya-anons.html (дата обращения: 01.08.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eurozone Debt Crisis. The balance, 2019, Available at: www.thebalance.com/eurozone-debt-crisis-causes-cures-and-consequences-3305524 (accessed 05 April 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eurozone Debt Crisis. The balance, 2019 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: www.thebalance.com/eurozone-debt-crisis-causes-cures-and-consequences-3305524 (дата обращения: 05.04.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">UNCTADSTAT. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, 2020. Available at: https://unctadstat.unctad.org/wds/reportFolders/reportFolders.aspx (accessed 20 April 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">UNCTADSTAT // United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, 2020 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://unctadstat.unctad.org/wds/reportFolders/reportFolders.aspx (дата обращения: 20.04.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Development Indicators. World Bank, 2020. Available at: https://databank.worldbank.org/data/source/world-development-indicators (accessed 20 April 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Development Indicators. World Bank, 2020 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://databank.worldbank.org/data/source/world-development-indicators (дата обращения: 20.04.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency, 2020. Available at: www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/bl.html (accessed 20 April 2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency, 2020 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/bl.html (дата обращения: 20.04.2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
