In the modern world economy, the presence of developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America is actively growing. Many of them are increasing their share in world production and, on this basis, in international trade and capital migration processes. Asian economies are growing especially actively. One such country is Bangladesh, whose economic development increased markedly in the last decade of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries.

The article presents an analysis of the main indicators of the activity of the foreign trade sector of the Republic of Bangladesh in 2010-2018. The author shows that based on the gradual transformation of the structure of the national economy and the transition from the agrarian to the agrarian-industrial model, the active transformation of the structure - both commodity and geographical - of Bangladesh's foreign trade, its exports and imports, intensifies the role of the country as a component of world economic processes. A brief overview of Russian-Bangladeshi bilateral trade in 2000-2018 was also given.