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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инновационная экономика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-5607</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">49058</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The most Polluted Cities in the World: Patterns of their Location and Factors that Determine Air Pollution (2017-2020)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Самые загрязненные города мира: закономерности их размещения и факторы, определяющие загрязнение атмосферного воздуха (2017–2020 гг.)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9208-0930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Damdinsuren</surname><given-names>Dairiimaa</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дамдинсурэн</surname><given-names>Дайриймаа</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student, Faculty of Economics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студентка, Экономический факультет</p></bio><email>1032185451@pfur.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2565-6244</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">55650366800</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5021-7870</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kholina</surname><given-names>Veronika Nikolaevnа</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Холина</surname><given-names>Вероника Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Geographical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department. Regional Economics and Geography, Faculty of Economics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат географических наук, доцент, зав. каф. Региональной экономики и географии, Экономический факультет</p></bio><email>kholina-vn@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов (РУДН)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-20"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-20"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Инновационная экономика</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">INNOVATIVE ECONOMY</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Инновационная экономика</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/in-econ/article/view/49058">https://journals.rudn.ru/in-econ/article/view/49058</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>The article presents the results of a study of the dynamics of the location and level of air pollution in large cities of the world, special attention is paid to the 30 most polluted cities in the world. It was revealed that for the period 2017–2020, in general, the level of air pollution in cities around the world has decreased. Among the regions of the world in terms of the number of the most polluted cities, South Asia (where 27 cities out of the 30 most polluted cities in the world are located), East Asia and Southeast Asia stand out. Among the countries of the world in terms of the number of the most polluted cities in the world, India (where 22 cities from the 30 most polluted cities in the world are located), China, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Indonesia stand out. The leading factors of the formation of the ecological situation in the most polluted cities of the world, depending on their localization, have been identified: 1) emissions of vehicles (in all cities); 2) emissions from industrial sites and factories (in all cities); 3) meteorological conditions (in the cities of India); 4) features of economic activity - the presence of artisanal kilns for baking bricks (in the cities of Bangladesh and Pakistan); 5) burning of waste and stubble of agricultural crops (in the cities of India); 6) transboundary pollution (in the cities of India and Pakistan). Options for improving the ecological situation in cities are proposed: 1) improve the regulation of emissions from vehicles and industrial sites and factories at the local level; 2) prioritize sustainable and clean energy sources; 3) promote low-cost, active and carbon-neutral travel options; 4) use technologies and initiatives of smart cities.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>В статье приведены результаты исследования динамики размещения и уровня загрязнения воздуха в крупных городах мира, особое внимание уделено 30 самым загрязненным городам мира. Выявлено, что за период 2017–2020 гг.  в целом уровень загрязнения атмосферного воздуха городов мира сократился. Среди регионов мира по числу самых загрязненных городов выделяются Южная Азия (где находится 27 городов из 30 самых загрязненных городов мира), Восточная Азия и Юго-Восточная Азия. Среди стран мира по числу самых загрязненных городов мира выделяются Индия (где находится 22 города из 30–и самых загрязненных городов мира), Китай, Пакистан, Бангладеш и Индонезия. Выявлены ведущие факторы формирования экологической обстановки в самых загрязненных городах мира в зависимости от их локализации: 1) выбросы транспортных средств (во всех городах); 2) выбросы промышленных площадок и заводов (во всех городах); 3) метеорологические условия (в городах Индии); 4) особенности хозяйственной деятельности – наличие кустарных печей для обжига кирпичей (в городах Бангладеш и Пакистана); 5) сжигание отходов и стерни сельскохозяйственных культур (в городах Индии); 6) трансграничное загрязнение (в городах Индии и Пакистана). Предложены варианты улучшения экологической обстановки в городах:</italic> <italic>1) улучшить регулирование выбросов транспортных средств и промышленных площадок и заводов на местном уровне; 2) уделять приоритетное внимание устойчивым и чистым источникам энергии; 3) поощрять недорогие, активные и углеродно-нейтральные варианты передвижения; 4) использовать технологии и инициативы умных городов.</italic></p></trans-abstract><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bernhardt A., Caravanos J., Fuller R, Leahy S., Pradhan A. India. Pollution knows no borders, 2019. Available at: www.pureearth.org/pollution-knows-no-borders/ (accessed: 20.04.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bernhardt A., Caravanos J.,  Fuller R., Leahy S., Pradhan A. India. Pollution knows no borders, 2019 [Электронный ресурс]. 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