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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Engineering Research</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Engineering Research</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Инженерные исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8143</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-8151</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">44853</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8143-2025-26-1-77-85</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">KQBSVP</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Application of stochastic methods, wavelet transformations and support vectors for the study of electroencephalogram signals</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Применение стохастических методов, вейвлет-преобразований и опорных векторов для исследования сигналов электроэнцефалограмм</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9433-7859</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolmanova</surname><given-names>Veronika V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толманова</surname><given-names>Вероника Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate student of the Department of Mechanics and Control Processes, Academy of Engineering</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры механики и процессов управления, инженерная академия</p></bio><email>1042210065@pfur.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0359-0897</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8247-7310</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andrikov</surname><given-names>Denis A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андриков</surname><given-names>Денис Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. in Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Mechanics and Control Processes, Academy of Engineering</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент департамента механики и процессов управления, инженерная академия</p></bio><email>andrikovdenis@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>85</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-04"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Tolmanova V.V., Andrikov D.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Толманова В.В., Андриков Д.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tolmanova V.V., Andrikov D.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Толманова В.В., Андриков Д.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/engineering-researches/article/view/44853">https://journals.rudn.ru/engineering-researches/article/view/44853</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study explores the application of modern data processing methods - wavelet transformation, stochastic methods, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) - on real electroencephalogram (EEG) signals from open databases. Analyzing EEG signals is crucial for medical diagnostics and neuroscience, requiring sophisticated techniques due to high dimensionality and noise. Wavelet transformation allows decomposition of signals into frequency components with varying temporal resolutions, facilitating time-frequency analysis. Stochastic methods utilize probabilistic models for modeling random processes and analyzing data statistics. Meanwhile, SVM is a machine learning algorithm that identifies the optimal hyperplane to separate classes, enhancing generalization, particularly with complex nonlinear data. When comparing these methods, the specific data type and task should be considered: wavelet transformation is ideal for signal processing, stochastic methods are used for random processes, and SVM excels in classification tasks. Thus, selecting the most suitable approach should be based on a comparative analysis of method effectiveness in a particular context. This study will discuss these concepts and present examples of applying these techniques to EEG data, contributing to the analysis and classification of brain activity and the identification of pathologies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследовано применение современных методов обработки данных - вейвлет-преобразования, стохастических методов и метода опорных векторов (SVM) - на реальных сигналах электроэнцефалограмм (ЭЭГ) из открытых баз данных. Анализ ЭЭГ-сигналов имеет большое значение в медицинской диагностике и нейронауке, но требует сложных подходов из-за их высокой размерности и шумов. Метод вейвлет-преобразования используется для анализа сигналов во временно-частотной области, позволяет разбить сигнал на частотные составляющие с разными временными разрешениями. Cтохастические методы базируются на вероятностных моделях и используются для моделирования случайных процессов и анализа статистических свойств данных. Метод опорных векторов - алгоритм машинного обучения, который находит оптимальную разделяющую гиперплоскость между классами, максимизируя зазор и обеспечивая хорошую обобщающую способность. SVM эффективно работает со сложными нелинейными данными. При сравнении этих методов следует учитывать их применимость к конкретным типам данных и задачам. Вейвлет-преобразование обычно используется в области обработки сигналов, стохастические методы применяются для моделирования случайных процессов, а SVM хорошо справляется с задачами классификации. Выбор метода зависит от характеристик данных и поставленных целей и может быть сделан на основе сравнительного анализа и оценки эффективности каждого метода в конкретном контексте. Рассмотрены концепции, методы и примеры применения указанных подходов на реальных данных ЭЭГ, что способствует более эффективному анализу и классификации мозговой активности, а также идентификации патологий и аномалий.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>support vector method</kwd><kwd>electroencephalogram</kwd><kwd>time series</kwd><kwd>biomedical signals</kwd><kwd>machine learning algorithms</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метод опорных векторов</kwd><kwd>электроэнцефалограмма</kwd><kwd>временные ряды</kwd><kwd>биомедицинские сигналы</kwd><kwd>алгоритмы машинного обучения</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Petrosian A, Prokhorov D, Homan R. Reccurent neural network based prediction of epileptic seizures in intra- and extracranial EEG. 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