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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Engineering Research</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Engineering Research</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Инженерные исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8143</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-8151</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">42381</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8143-2024-25-3-251-262</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">WUQTNV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Analysis of Land Displacement Utilizing Sentinel-1 Satellite Imagery and InSAR Technique: A Case Study in Kern County, California</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анализ активности земной коры с использованием спутниковых изображений Sentinel-1 и технологии InSAR: исследование конкретного случая в округе Керн, Калифорния</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1237-4467</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Hatamiafkoueieh</surname><given-names>Javad</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хатамиафкуиех</surname><given-names>Джавад</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Mechanics and Control Processes</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры механики и процессов управления, инженерная академия</p></bio><email>khatamiafkuiekh_d@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 25, NO3 (2024)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 25, №3 (2024)</issue-title><fpage>251</fpage><lpage>262</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-10"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Hatamiafkoueieh J.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Хатамиафкуиех Д.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Hatamiafkoueieh J.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хатамиафкуиех Д.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/engineering-researches/article/view/42381">https://journals.rudn.ru/engineering-researches/article/view/42381</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study investigates patterns of land displacement in Kern County, California, using Sentinel-1 satellite imagery and the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique. A time-series analysis was performed to examine the temporal evolution of land displacement using the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS-InSAR) approach. The LicSAR (Comet Portal) and Liscbas toolbox were employed to analyze Sentinel-1 satellite data collected between 2014 and 2022. For the ascending orbit, the observation period spanned approximately 6.6 years, encompassing 256 images and 1,499 interferograms. The descending orbit covered around 7 years, with a network of 266 images and 954 interferograms. The data were decomposed into ascending and descending paths to identify both vertical and horizontal displacement patterns. An accuracy evaluation was conducted using 85 GPS stations in central California, revealing an RMSE of 1.89 and an R -squared value of 0.9 for the horizontal direction, and an RMSE of 2.4 with an R -squared value of 0.94 for the vertical direction, indicating a high level of accuracy. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of InSAR in capturing detailed land displacement patterns. This study also discusses the advantages and limitations of using InSAR for tracking land deformation and provides recommendations for future research.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Изучены закономерности смещения грунта в округе Керн, Калифорния с использованием спутниковых снимков Sentinel-1 и техники интерферометрического радара с синтезированной апертурой (InSAR). Для изучения динамики смещения грунта с применением подхода Small Baseline Subset (SBAS-InSAR) был выполнен анализ временных рядов. Для анализа спутниковых данных Sentinel-1, собранных в период с 2014 по 2022 г., использовалось программное обеспечение LicSAR (Comet Portal) и набор библиотек Liscbas. Для восходящей орбиты период наблюдения составил приблизительно 6,6 года. Набор данных для исследования включает 256 изображений и 1499 интерферограмм. Нисходящая орбита охватывала семилетний период, включала в себя 266 изображений и 954 интерферограммы. Данные были разложены на восходящие и нисходящие орбиты для определения как вертикальных, так и горизонтальных моделей смещения. Оценка точности была проведена с использованием 85 станций GPS в Центральной Калифорнии. Для горизонтальных моделей смещения RMSE составила 1,89 и значение R -квадрата 0,9, для вертикальных моделей смещения RMSE 2,4, R -квадрат 0,94, что указывает на высокий уровень точности. Эти результаты демонстрируют эффективность InSAR в составлении моделей активности земной коры. В представленном исследовании также обсуждаются преимущества и ограничения использования InSAR для отслеживания активности земной коры и даются рекомендации для будущих исследований в данной предметной области.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>land displacement</kwd><kwd>Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR)</kwd><kwd>Sentinel-1</kwd><kwd>Kern County</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>смещение Земли</kwd><kwd>интерферометрический синтезированный радиолокатор (InSAR)</kwd><kwd>Sentinel-1</kwd><kwd>округ Керн</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Galloway DL, Jones DR, Ingebritsen SE. Land Subsidence in the United States. Report. USGS Circular 2000. https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1182</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Holzer TL. Ground failure induced by groundwater withdrawal from unconsolidated sediment. 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