RUDN Journal of Engineering ResearchRUDN Journal of Engineering ResearchВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Инженерные исследования2312-81432312-8151Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)4035710.22363/2312-8143-2024-25-2-121-129HWEUSZArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleTechnical Solution to Decrease Cavitation Effects in the Kaplan Turbine BladeТехническое решение по снижению эффекта кавитации в лопатке турбины Капланаhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-0798-4317KhalidMohammed Ridha W.ХалидМохаммед Рида Валид

Ph.D. student, Department of Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Academy of Engineering

аспирант базовой кафедры машиностроительных технологий, инженерная академия

1042218144@rudn.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0552-9950Reza KashyzadehKazemРеза Каши ЗадеКазем

Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Transport, Academy of Engineering

кандидат технических наук, профессор департамента транспорта, инженерная академия

reza-kashi-zade-ka@rudn.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0251-31448272-2337GhorbaniSiamakГорбаниСиамак

Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Academy of Engineering

кандидат технических наук, доцент базовой кафедры машиностроительных технологий, инженерная академия

gorbani-s@rudn.ruRUDN UniversityРоссийский университет дружбы народов30072024252VOL 25, NO2 (2024)ТОМ 25, №2 (2024)12112911082024Copyright ©; 2024, Khalid M.R., Reza Kashyzadeh K., Ghorbani S.Copyright ©; 2024, Халид М.Р., Реза Каши Заде К., Горбани С.2024Khalid M.R., Reza Kashyzadeh K., Ghorbani S.Халид М.Р., Реза Каши Заде К., Горбани С.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcodehttps://journals.rudn.ru/engineering-researches/article/view/40357

Application of Kaplan turbines is widespread in low-water-head and large-capacity hydropower plants. An understanding of the failure mechanism of Kaplan Turbines is a key factor to provide useful solutions for their prevention or early treatment and to guarantee their workability. The long-term performance of Kaplan turbines depends on many factors such as cavitation, erosion, fatigue, and material defects. Cavitation in Kaplan turbines leads to flow instability, vibrations, surface damage, and reduce the machine performance. Therefore, this paper investigates the factors leading to cavitation in Kaplan turbine and presents practical solutions for it. Thermal-sprayed coatings are frequently applied due to their high wear resistance, cost effectiveness, weight reduction, and less negative impacts on base metal. Moreover, HVOF is used to create coatings with a high density and bonding strength. At high temperatures, cermet coatings, including nanoparticles, exhibit exceptional wear resistance. WC-based nanostructured and multifaceted coatings are utilized due to their high wear resistance. In addition, chromium carbide in WC-based coatings increases their oxidation and wear resistance.

Применение турбин Каплана широко распространено на гидроэлектростанциях малой и большой мощности. Понимание механизмов отказа указанных турбин является ключевым фактором для разработки решений по их предотвращению или своевременному устранению, а также для обеспечения их работоспособности. Надежная работа турбин Каплана зависит от многих факторов, таких как кавитация, эрозия, усталость и дефекты материалов. Кавитация в турбинах Каплана приводит к нестабильности потока, вибрациям, повреждению поверхности и снижению производительности машины. В связи с этим исследованы факторы, приводящие к кавитации в турбине Каплана, и представлены практические решения данной проблемы. Покрытия, нанесенные термонапылением, часто применяются из-за их высокой износостойкости, экономической эффективности, снижения веса и меньшего негативного воздействия на основной металл. Кроме того, высокоскоростное распыление кислородного топлива (HVOF) используется для создания покрытий с высокой плотностью и прочностью сцепления. При высоких температурах металлокерамические покрытия, в том числе наночастицы, обладают исключительной износостойкостью. Наноструктурированные и многогранные покрытия на основе WC используются из-за их высокой износостойкости. Кроме того, карбид хрома в покрытиях на основе WC повышает их стойкость к окислению и износу.

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