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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Engineering Research</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Engineering Research</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Инженерные исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8143</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-8151</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">26731</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8143-2020-21-4-254-259</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Electron cyclotron converters of microwaves in wireless power transmission systems</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Электронные циклотронные преобразователи микроволн в системах беспроводной передачи энергии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirogov</surname><given-names>Yury A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирогов</surname><given-names>Юрий Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor of the Photonics and Microwave Physics Department of the Faculty of Physics of the MSU, Dr.Sci.(Phys. &amp; Math.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор кафедры фотоники и физики микроволн физического факультета МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова, д. ф.-м. н., профессор</p></bio><email>yupi937@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazaryan</surname><given-names>Gohar M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казарян</surname><given-names>Гоар Мартиросовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor of the Photonics and Microwave Physics Department of the Faculty of Physics of the MSU, PhD (Phys. &amp; Math.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры фотоники и физики микроволн физического факультета МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова, к. ф.-м. н.</p></bio><email>yupi937@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savvin</surname><given-names>Vladimir L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саввин</surname><given-names>Владимир Леонидович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor of the Photonics and Microwave Physics Department of the Faculty of Physics of the MSU, PhD (Phys. &amp; Math.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры фотоники и физики микроволн физического факультета МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова, к. ф.-м. н.</p></bio><email>yupi937@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">100th anniversary of the GOELRO plan</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">100-летие плана ГОЭЛРО</issue-title><fpage>254</fpage><lpage>259</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-06-19"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Pirogov Y.A., Kazaryan G.M., Savvin V.L.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Пирогов Ю.А., Казарян Г.М., Саввин В.Л.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pirogov Y.A., Kazaryan G.M., Savvin V.L.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пирогов Ю.А., Казарян Г.М., Саввин В.Л.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/engineering-researches/article/view/26731">https://journals.rudn.ru/engineering-researches/article/view/26731</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">A proposal to use special electron cyclotron devices as effective converters of electromagnetic waves into direct current in modern microwave systems for wireless transmission of electrical energy to the Earth via a microwave channel from solar space power plants located on board geostationary satellites is considered. Such converters are a product of domestic development, they can have a conversion efficiency of more than 80%, they are insensitive to overloads and are several orders of magnitude more economical than the well-known semiconductor rectennas (rectifying antennas). Semiconductor rectennas, assembled from a multitude of individual semiconductor diodes with a Schottky barrier, in the process of nonlinear conversion of microwaves, generate parasitic radiation that forms a powerful electromagnetic background, which seriously interferes with the stable operation of information systems of special and general civil communications. In addition, the cost of semiconductor rectennas is several orders of magnitude higher than that of electron-cyclotron converters with the same input microwave power. Due to the high compactness of the electronic converters, they can also be installed on an intermediate satellite platform in the stratosphere, receiving the energy of the Sun through a laser beam from a geostationary orbit and transmitting it to the Earth with practically no loss through the microwave channel. The possibilities of using electron cyclotron converters in ground-based systems for wireless energy transmission are also promising. Already the first electron cyclotron converters, created at the “Torii” enterprise according to the project of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, had an efficiency of over 60% at an input microwave power of 10 kW.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Рассмотрена возможность использования специальных электронных циклотронных приборов в качестве эффективных преобразователей электромагнитных волн в постоянный ток в современных СВЧ-системах беспроводной передачи на Землю электрической энергии по микроволновому каналу от солнечных космических электростанций, расположенных на борту геостационарных спутников. Такие преобразователи являются продуктом отечественной разработки, могут иметь КПД преобразования выше 80 %, нечувствительны к перегрузкам и гораздо экономичнее известных полупроводниковых ректенн (выпрямляющих антенн - rectifying antennas). Собираемые из множества отдельных полупроводниковых диодов с барьером Шоттки полупроводниковые ректенны в процессе нелинейного преобразования микроволн генерируют паразитные излучения, формирующие мощный электромагнитный фон, представляющий серьезную помеху устойчивой работе информационных систем специальной и общегражданской связи. К тому же стоимость полупроводниковых ректенн значительно выше, нежели электронно-циклотронных преобразователей при одинаковой входной микроволновой мощности. Ввиду высокой компактности электронных преобразователей они могут устанавливаться на промежуточной спутниковой платформе в стратосфере, принимая энергию Солнца по лазерному лучу с геостационарной орбиты и передавая ее на Землю практически без потерь по СВЧ-каналу. Также перспективны возможности применения электронных циклотронных преобразователей в наземных системах беспроводной передачи энергии. Уже первые электронные циклотронные преобразователи, созданные на предприятии «Торий» по проекту МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова, имели КПД выше 60 % при входной СВЧ-мощности 10 кВт.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microwaves</kwd><kwd>electron cyclotron converter</kwd><kwd>wireless power transmission</kwd><kwd>solar space power plants</kwd><kwd>rectennas</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микроволны</kwd><kwd>электронный циклотронный преобразователь</kwd><kwd>беспроводная передача энергии</kwd><kwd>солнечные космические электростанции</kwd><kwd>ректенны</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research has been supported by the Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of the Lomonosov Moscow University “Photonic and Quantum Technologies. Digital Medicine”.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены при поддержке Междисциплинарной научно-образовательной школы Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова «Фотонные и квантовые технологии. Цифровая медицина».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mankins J. Special report: Space-based solar power. Inexhaustible energy from orbit. Ad Astra. 2008; 20(1):20–36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mankins J. Special report: space-based solar power. Inexhaustible energy from orbit // Ad Astra. 2008. Vol. 20. No. 1. Pp. 20-36.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Didenko AN. SVCH-energetika: teoriya i praktika [Microwave energetics: theory and practice]. Moscow: Nauka Publ.; 2003. 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