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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Economics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Economics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Экономика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2329</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8986</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">52544</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2329-2026-34-2-235-256</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">DHMVSB</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Developed and developing countries economy</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экономика развитых и развивающихся стран</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Oil price shocks, fuel subsidies and macroeconomic stability in Nigeria</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нефтяные шоки, топливные субсидии и макроэкономическая стабильность в Нигерии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1228-9035</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Adewumi</surname><given-names>Pelumi Abdulmalik</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адевуми</surname><given-names>Пелуми Абдулмалик</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.Sc. Candidate at the Department of Finance, Faculty of Management of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>соискатель степени магистра департамента финансов факультета наук управления</p></bio><email>adewumi.p.a@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8601-0781</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Afolabi</surname><given-names>Babatunde</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афолаби</surname><given-names>Бабатунде</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Finance, Professor of the Department of Finance, Deputy Vice-Chancellor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор наук в области финансов, профессор департамента финансов, заместитель вице-канцлера</p></bio><email>babatunde.afolabi@fuoye.edu.ng</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal University Oye-Ekiti</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный университет Ойе-Экити</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">REVISITING INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS IN A MULTIPOLAR WORLD ON THE PATH TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ПЕРЕСМОТР МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ В МНОГОПОЛЯРНОМ МИРЕ НА ПУТИ К УСТОЙЧИВОМУ РАЗВИТИЮ</issue-title><fpage>235</fpage><lpage>256</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-10-01"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Adewumi P.A., Afolabi B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Адевуми П.А., Афолаби Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Adewumi P.A., Afolabi B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Адевуми П.А., Афолаби Б.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/economics/article/view/52544">https://journals.rudn.ru/economics/article/view/52544</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Persistent oil price volatility critically undermines Nigeria’s fiscal stability, distorting government expenditure, destabilising key macroeconomic indicators, and straining subsidy allocations. The impact of fuel subsidies and oil price shocks on macroeconomic stability is a critical policy issue in Nigeria. Hence, this study investigates the effects of fuel subsidies on macroeconomic indicators in Nigeria and the relationship between oil price shocks and the stability of these indicators. Using time series data from 1991 to 2023 obtained from the World Bank Development Indicators, the study employs Vector Autoregression (VAR), impulse response function analysis, and variance decomposition as the primary methods of estimation. The findings indicate that shocks to fuel subsidy outlays are associated with short-run inflationary pressures in Nigeria, leading to an upward trend. Additionally, fuel subsidy contributes to the depreciation of the exchange rate, although the impact is more indirect and occurs through associated shocks. Conversely, oil price shocks have a transient causal impact on inflation, generally leading to a decline. These shocks also negatively influence the exchange rate, contributing to its appreciation in the short term. Overall, the effects of oil price shocks on both inflation and exchange rate stability are diminishing over time. These findings suggest that while fuel subsidies contribute to inflationary pressures and currency depreciation, positive oil price shocks have a stabilising effect on inflation but lead to exchange rate appreciation in Nigeria. Policy makers should consider these dynamics when designing fiscal and monetary policies in Nigeria.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Постоянная волатильность цен на нефть критически подрывает фискальную стабильность Нигерии, искажая государственные расходы, дестабилизируя ключевые макроэкономические показатели и создавая нагрузку на бюджетные ассигнования на субсидии. Влияние топливных субсидий и нефтяных шоков на макроэкономическую стабильность является важным вопросом политики в Нигерии. В связи с этим изучено воздействие топливных субсидий на макроэкономические показатели Нигерии, а также взаимосвязь между нефтяными шоками и стабильностью этих показателей. Используя данные временных рядов с 1991 по 2023 г., полученные из Показателей мирового развития Всемирного банка, исследование применяет векторную авторегрессию (VAR), анализ функций импульсного отклика и декомпозицию дисперсии в качестве основных методов оценки. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что шоки, связанные с расходами на топливные субсидии, ассоциируются с краткосрочным инфляционным давлением в Нигерии, приводящим к восходящему тренду. Кроме того, топливные субсидии способствуют обесценению обменного курса, хотя это влияние носит более косвенный характер и возникает через сопутствующие шоки. И наоборот, нефтяные шоки оказывают кратковременное причинно-следственное воздействие на инфляцию, обычно приводя к ее снижению. Эти шоки также негативно влияют на обменный курс, способствуя его укреплению в краткосрочной перспективе. В целом, воздействие нефтяных шоков как на инфляцию, так и на стабильность обменного курса со временем ослабевает. Эти выводы позволяют предположить, что, хотя топливные субсидии способствуют инфляционному давлению и обесценению национальной валюты, положительные нефтяные шоки оказывают стабилизирующее воздействие на инфляцию, но приводят к укреплению обменного курса в Нигерии. Политикам следует учитывать эту динамику при разработке фискальной и монетарной политики в Нигерии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>inflation rate</kwd><kwd>exchange rate</kwd><kwd>gross domestic product</kwd><kwd>vector autoregression</kwd><kwd>causal inference</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>уровень инфляции</kwd><kwd>обменный курс</kwd><kwd>валовый внутренний продукт</kwd><kwd>векторная авторегрессия</kwd><kwd>причинно-следственный анализ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Agboje, I.A. (2022). Macroeconomic and welfare effects of alternative fuel subsidy switch and policy drawbacks in Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Development Studies, 15(1), 1-34.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Akinyemi, O., Alege, P.O., Ajayi, O.O., Adediran, O.S., &amp; Urhie, E. (2017). 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