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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Economics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Economics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Экономика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2329</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8986</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">50621</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2329-2026-34-1-57-80</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">UDXRNA</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Developed and developing countries economy</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экономика развитых и развивающихся стран</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Indonesia’s opportunity in driving an optimistic involvement in the multipolar world: trade evidence from ASEAN and BRICS+</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Возможности Индонезии в продвижении позитивного участия в многополярном мире: примеры торговли в странах АСЕАН и БРИКС+</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0829-9767</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rizki</surname><given-names>Setyo Wira</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ризки</surname><given-names>Сетьо Вира</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD Student, Institute of Industrial Management, Economics and Trade; Lecturer, Statistics Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант Института промышленного менеджмента, экономики и торговли; преподаватель статистического факультета</p></bio><email>rizki.sv@edu.spbstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8540-7034</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3512-5410</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Didenko</surname><given-names>Nikolay I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Диденко</surname><given-names>Николай Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Economics, Professor of The Graduate School of Business Engineering, Institute of Industrial Management, Economics and Trade</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор экономических наук, профессор Высшей школы бизнес-инжиниринга, Институт промышленного менеджмента, экономики и торговли</p></bio><email>didenko.nikolay@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tanjungpura University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университета Танджунгпура</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NEW VECTORS OF TRADE AND INVESTMENT WITHIN BRICS+</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">НОВЫЕ ВЕКТОРЫ ТОРГОВЛИ И ИНВЕСТИЦИЙ В РАМКАХ БРИКС+</issue-title><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-06-15"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Rizki S.W., Didenko N.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Ризки С.В., Диденко Н.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rizki S.W., Didenko N.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ризки С.В., Диденко Н.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/economics/article/view/50621">https://journals.rudn.ru/economics/article/view/50621</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Indonesia has played a significant role in the global shift towards multipolarity. After joining ASEAN in 1967, Indonesia officially joined BRICS+ in early 2025. Indonesia’s involvement in these blocs is undoubtedly intended to increase economic growth through international trade. This study examines Indonesia’s involvement in establishing bilateral trade cooperation and explores opportunities for future Indonesian trade cooperation with these two blocs. Researchers employed four approaches, including trend visualization, the trade complementarity index (TCI), the trade intensity index (TII), and the autoregressive distributed lag approach. Trend visualization shows that Indonesia had significant trade cooperation with Singapore, Malaysia, the Philippines, China, and India from 2012 to 2023. The TCI calculation reveals that Indonesia has a reasonably high trade compatibility with other ASEAN and BRICS+ countries, with an average TCI value of 0.8. Thus, the TII discloses that several countries have the potential to become new markets for Indonesian trade. The Russian Federation and the Lao PDR are the countries with the most potential for Indonesian trade collaboration. The ARDL model analysis indicates that the values of Indonesia’s imports to ASEAN, its exports to BRICS+, and the exchange rate have a significant impact on Indonesia’s GDP. This study offers a comprehensive examination of the impact of Indonesia’s participation in multipolar organizations on its economic growth, particularly in relation to its membership in the BRICS+ group. Indonesia’s economic growth forecast indicates an upward trend, with an average growth rate of 3.4% projected over the next decade. This suggests that Indonesia’s involvement in ASEAN and BRICS is expected to have a substantial impact on its economic development. In conclusion, Indonesia’s decision to join the BRICS+ is a strategic move aimed at diversifying international trade and reducing its dependence on conventional markets. This study recommends that policymakers develop regulations for bilateral trade cooperation between Indonesia and ASEAN, as well as BRICS+ countries.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Индонезия сыграла значительную роль в глобальном переходе к многополярности. После вступления в АСЕАН в 1967 г. страна официально присоединилась к БРИКС+ в начале 2025 г. с целью ускорения собственного экономического роста посредством международной торговли. Рассмотрено участие Индонезии в установлении двустороннего торгового сотрудничества и изучены возможности будущего торгового взаимодействия страны с двумя блоками. Использованы четыре исследовательских подхода, включая визуализацию тренда, индекс торговой взаимодополняемости, индекс интенсивности торговли и метод авторегрессионного распределенного лага. Визуализация тренда показала, что Индонезия имела значительное торговое сотрудничество с Сингапуром, Малайзией, Филиппинами, Китаем и Индией в период с 2012 по 2023 г. Согласно проведенным расчетам, Индонезия имеет достаточно высокую торговую совместимость (ИТС) с другими странами АСЕАН и БРИКС+ со средним значением 0,8. Таким образом, несколько стран могут стать новыми рынками для индонезийской торговли. Российская Федерация и Лаосская Народно-Демократическая Республика - страны с наибольшим потенциалом для торгового сотрудничества с Индонезией. На основе модели ARDL выявлено, что стоимость импорта Индонезии в страны АСЕАН, экспорта в страны БРИКС+ и обменный курс значительно отражаются на ВВП Индонезии. Предложен комплексный анализ влияния на ее экономический рост Индонезии ее членства в многополярных организациях, особенно в группе БРИКС+. Прогноз экономического роста Индонезии указывает на тенденцию к увеличению, при этом средний темп роста в течение следующих десяти лет составит 3,4 %. Участие Индонезии в АСЕАН и БРИКС, как ожидается, приведет к ускорению ее экономического развития. Отмечено, что решение присоединиться к БРИКС+ является стратегическим шагом, направленным на диверсификацию международной торговли и снижение зависимости Индонезии от традиционных рынков. Подчеркнута необходимость разработки правил двустороннего торгового сотрудничества между Индонезией и странами АСЕАН, а также БРИКС+.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bilateral trade</kwd><kwd>intra-trade</kwd><kwd>geopolitical issues</kwd><kwd>international organization</kwd><kwd>unipolar world</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>двусторонняя торговля</kwd><kwd>внутренняя торговля</kwd><kwd>геополитические вопросы</kwd><kwd>международная организация</kwd><kwd>однополярный мир</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ali, W., &amp; Rassias, M. (2024). 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