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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Economics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Economics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Экономика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2329</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8986</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">42404</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2329-2024-32-3-521-535</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">OWYQSH</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTEGRATION PROCESSES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНТЕГРАЦИОННЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Scientific Diplomacy in BRICS+ Countries: From Strengthening Multilateralism to “Smart” Economy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Научная дипломатия в странах БРИКС+: от укрепления многосторонности к «умной» экономике</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4953-9560</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khmeleva</surname><given-names>Galina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хмелева</surname><given-names>Галина Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Economics, Professor, Professor at the Department of Regional Economics and Management, Chief Researcher at the Center for the Study of Asia, Africa and Latin America</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор экономических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры региональной экономики и управления, главный научный сотрудник Центра изучения стран Азии, Африки и Латинской Америки</p></bio><email>galina.a.khmeleva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Samara State University of Economics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Самарский государственный экономический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">FORMATION OF A MULTIPOLAR WORLD</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ МНОГОПОЛЯРНОГО МИРА</issue-title><fpage>521</fpage><lpage>535</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-10"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Khmeleva G.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Хмелева Г.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khmeleva G.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хмелева Г.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/economics/article/view/42404">https://journals.rudn.ru/economics/article/view/42404</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Scientific diplomacy is regarded as an effective tool for developing coordinated positions to overcome global challenges and reduce political tensions through the realization of three main purposes: “science in diplomacy”, “diplomacy for science”, and “science for diplomacy”. The author of the article proposes to expand the scope and consider scientific diplomacy as an effective tool for the development of the economy, the construction of “smart economy” in the BRICS+ countries. The article is aimed to demonstrate the connection of scientific diplomacy with the economy of the BRICS+ countries. For this purpose, key indicators of the economy, publication activity and international collaboration have been selected. The close relationship between scientific diplomacy and per capita GNI of the BRICS+ countries is shown based on quantitative analysis. The results obtained suggest a high potential of scientific diplomacy, which is not yet sufficiently used. BRICS countries with a high level of publication activity within the analyzed thematic areas of “smart” economy are less inclined to international collaboration than new BRICS+ members. The latter are narrowing the gap in publication activity more rapidly than the larger economies (China, India, Russia). With a smaller number of scientists, the “small” economies of the BRICS+ countries are rapidly increasing their scientific and technological potential in selected thematic areas through international collaboration, which is already affecting the economy, because there is a close relationship between GNI per capita, the number of publications and international collaboration. The article shows prospective thematic scientific directions for multilateral cooperation and possible threats to scientific diplomacy in connection with the expansion of BRICS+. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the disclosure of scientific diplomacy as an economic phenomenon capable of having a positive impact on the economy of a country.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Научная дипломатия рассматривается как эффективный инструмент выработки согласованных позиций для преодоления глобальных вызовов и снижения политической напряженности посредством реализации трех основных назначений: «наука в дипломатии», «дипломатия для науки» и «наука для дипломатии». В данном исследовании предложено расширить рамки и рассмотреть научную дипломатию как эффективный инструмент развития экономики, построения «умной экономики» в странах БРИКС+. Цель исследования состоит в попытке продемонстрировать связь научной дипломатии с экономикой стран БРИКС+. Для этого отобраны ключевые показатели экономики, публикационной активности и международной коллаборации. На основе количественного анализа показана теснота связи между научной дипломатией и ВНД на душу населения стран БРИКС+. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать заключение о высоком потенциале научной дипломатии, который пока используется недостаточно. Страны БРИКС с высоким уровнем публикационной активности в рамках анализируемых тематических направлений «умной» экономики в меньшей степени склонны к международной коллаборации, чем новые члены БРИКС+. Последние более высокими темпами уменьшают разрывы в публикационной активности, чем крупные экономики (Китай, Индия, Россия). Располагая меньшей численностью ученых, «малые» экономики стран БРИКС+ стремительно наращивают научно-технологический потенциал по отдельным тематическим направлениям за счет международной коллаборации, что уже сказывается на экономике, поскольку наблюдается тесная связь между ВНД на душу населения, числом публикаций и международной коллаборацией. Показаны перспективные тематические научные направления для многостороннего сотрудничества и возможные угрозы для научной дипломатии в связи с расширением БРИКС+. Научная новизна данного исследования заключается в раскрытии научной дипломатии как экономического явления, способного оказывать положительное влияние на экономику страны.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>scientific diplomacy</kwd><kwd>BRICS+</kwd><kwd>“smart economy”</kwd><kwd>scientific and technical cooperation</kwd><kwd>international scientific relations</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>научная дипломатия</kwd><kwd>БРИКС+</kwd><kwd>«умная экономика»</kwd><kwd>научно-техническое сотрудничество</kwd><kwd>международные научные связи</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abramova, I.O., &amp; Fituni, L.L. (2019). Russia’s New Strategy in the African Direction. 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