Development of bilateral trade relations between countries in the period of deglobalization of world economy is a priority issue of the foreign economic policy of the state, aimed at ensuring its economic security. Particular attention should be paid to the study of trade and economic interrelations of the main actors of world economy, which are representatives of the new gravitational centers of economic activity. The interaction of such states, as a rule, is characterized by macro-regional effects that tend to reach the level of the global agenda. Undoubtedly, Russia’s foreign trade with India belongs to the above type of bilateral cooperation. The study shows the transformation of the countries’ economies over the past 10 years, characterized by the consistency of India’s economic growth and the turbulence of Russia’s economic policy, based on the need to adapt the economy as a result of systemic external pressure. The relationship of this retrospective with the cardinal trade changes in 2022 as a result of the geopolitical and energy crisis is determined. The author concludes that past events is an attempt to break the theoretical paradigm of trade and economic relations between countries that has existed in recent decades.