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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Economics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Economics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Экономика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2329</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8986</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">31300</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2329-2022-30-2-179-191</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Economic integration and globalization</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экономическая интеграция и глобализация</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Turkmenistan WTO accession issues</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Проблемы и перспективы присоединения Туркменистана к ВТО</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5462-3858</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Habyyeva</surname><given-names>Aysoltan</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хабыева</surname><given-names>Айсолтан</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student of the world Economy and Management Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры мировой экономики и менеджмента</p></bio><email>aysoltan.habyyeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kuban State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кубанский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-06-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">CHALLENGES OF EFFECTIVE GLOBAL GOVERNANCE IN THE POST-COVID ERA</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭФФЕКТИВНОГО ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В ПОСТКОВИДНУЮ ЭПОХУ</issue-title><fpage>179</fpage><lpage>191</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-06-26"><day>26</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Habyyeva A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Хабыева А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Habyyeva A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хабыева А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/economics/article/view/31300">https://journals.rudn.ru/economics/article/view/31300</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The aim and main objectives of this article are determined by the urgency of issue in intensifying country’s integration efforts into the global economy in the context of Turkmenistan’s accession to the WTO. The aim of this article is to develop proposals that may be used in negotiations by the country’s delegation on terms of Turkmenistan’s accession to the global trade organization. The article proves the necessity of taking into account the specificity of transition economies when evaluating and discussing their concessions and obligations they will accept upon WTO accession. The most important elements and key issues in negotiating to be considered by the delegation of Turkmenistan are identified. The paper demonstrates that building or reforming the institutional framework and mechanisms to implement the WTO Agreements will require more public and private investments. At the same time, the long-term strategic benefits and advantages of WTO membership will outweigh the adaptation costs. The latter will be short term if well-designed, balanced, gradual and good economic policy is developed. The article emphasizes the critical importance of conducting a well-developed and well-designed social and economic policy that will be the basis and factor contributing to reducing corruption risks and overcoming corruption in public sector. This paper concludes by providing recommendations. It shows that the country should have the benefit of an extended transition period under which the national trade rules and regulatory regimes must be totally reconsidered to reflect the WTO rules and regulations. Also, the country should be granted: firstly, certain exceptions to WTO rules and agreements; secondly, special and differential treatment; thirdly, special waivers of the application of “WTO-plus” obligations and “WTO-minus” provisions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Актуальность вопроса более глубокой интеграции страны в мировую экономику в контексте присоединения Туркменистана к ВТО предопределила цель и задачи данной статьи. Цель исследования заключается в разработке предложений, которые могут быть востребованы в процессе переговоров делегации страны об условиях и предпосылках ее присоединения к глобальной торговой организации. В статье обосновывается необходимость учета специфики и особенностей развития стран с переходной экономикой в процессе оценки и обсуждения уступок и обязательств, принимаемых ими при вступлении в ВТО. Выявлены ключевые вопросы переговоров об условиях интеграции в глобальную торговую систему, на которых следует сделать акцент делегации Туркменистана. Показано, что процессы создания или реформирования институциональной основы и механизмов имплементации соглашений ВТО являются достаточно капиталоемкими и потребуют определенных издержек общественного и частного характера. Вместе с тем долгосрочные стратегические выгоды и преимущества участия в деятельности ВТО существенно превышают издержки адаптации, сроки и степень болезненности которой при условии осуществления сбалансированной, поэтапной и продуманной политики в сфере экономики будут иметь краткосрочный характер. Акцентируется внимание на критической важности проведения ответственной социально-экономической политики, которая явится основой и фактором, способствующим снижению коррупционных рисков и преодолению коррупции в органах государственной власти. В результате автором рекомендовано в рамках переговорного процесса обеспечить стране право на более продолжительный переходной период для полной адаптации национального торгового режима к нормам и правилам ВТО. Кроме того, в исследовании обосновано, что в процессе переговоров Туркменистану целесообразно добиться, во-первых, определенных изъятий из обязательств, содержащихся в соглашениях Всемирной торговой организации; во-вторых, учета специфических потребностей страны и предоставления ей специального и дифференцированного режима и, в-третьих, исключения дополнительных обязательств категории «ВТО-плюс» и «ВТО-минус».</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>WTO</kwd><kwd>Turkmenistan</kwd><kwd>developing countries</kwd><kwd>transition economies</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВТО</kwd><kwd>Туркменистан</kwd><kwd>развивающиеся страны</kwd><kwd>страны с переходной экономикой</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ahmed, S., &amp; Ismail, S. (2020). Is “WTO-Plus” a policy option for India-China agriculture trade? A CGE analysis. 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