RUDN Journal of EconomicsRUDN Journal of EconomicsВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Экономика2313-23292408-8986Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)2311010.22363/2313-2329-2019-27-3-442-454Developed and developing countries economyЭкономика развитых и развивающихся странResearch ArticleIntroduction of microgeneration and energy-saving technologies within the concept of green economy: foreign experience and RussiaВнедрение микрогенерации и энергосберегающих технологий в рамках концепции зеленой экономики: зарубежный опыт и РоссияGomonovKonstantin G.ГомоновКонстантин Геннадьевич

Ph.D. in Economics, senior lecturer at Department of Economic and Mathematical Modeling

кандидат экономических наук, старший преподаватель кафедры экономико-математического моделирования

gomonov_kg@pfur.ruSipakovaPolina O.СипаковаПолина Олеговна

4-year bachelor of the Faculty of Economics

бакалавр 4-го курса экономического факультета

1032162260@pfur.ruChapurnayaAnastasia P.ЧапурнаяАнастасия Павловна

4-year bachelor of the Faculty of Economics

бакалавр 4-го курса экономического факультета

1032162253@pfur.ruPeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)Российский университет дружбы народов15122019273VOL 27, NO3 (2019)ТОМ 27, №3 (2019)44245406032020Copyright ©; 2019, Gomonov K.G., Sipakova P.O., Chapurnaya A.P.Copyright ©; 2019, Гомонов К.Г., Сипакова П.О., Чапурная А.П.2019Gomonov K.G., Sipakova P.O., Chapurnaya A.P.Гомонов К.Г., Сипакова П.О., Чапурная А.П.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/economics/article/view/23110

The aim of this work is a comparative analysis of the level of development of microgeneration and energy-saving technologies in the framework of the national economy of Russia and the world. The relevance is predetermined by the rapid growth of the investment policy of microgrids and energy-saving technologies based on renewable energy sources (2.6 trillion dollars). Basic information research provided analytical reviews, reports and analytical materials, specialized international departments and agencies, the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation, as well as the work of Russian and foreign scientists. Understanding the large-scale tasks related to the development, as well as the development of national and international relations, are an incentive for the pursuit of cleaner, primarily technologies. By 2030, provided that the current course on sustainable development is maintained, the green economy should grow to 10 % of the gross world product. Microenergy is an energy-efficient energy source in the restructuring of Russia's energy sector - the transition from a centralized system, the use of large sources of electricity production, the use of various energy sources that are most suitable for these environmental conditions and the characteristics of natural consumers. Reducing the negative impact of pollution on health and the environment can significantly reduce the burden on the economy, thereby freeing up resources for its growth. The transition of the global economy to a model of green growth will require significant efforts to expand international cooperation. This will require consistent government policies over many years. It is advisable for Russia to join in the development of methodologies and the creation of tools for implementing green initiatives.

Целью настоящей работы является сравнительный анализ уровня развития микрогенерации и энергосберегающих технологий в рамках концепции зеленой экономики в России и в мире. Актуальность предопределена стремительным ростом инвестиционной привлекательности микросетей и энергосберегающих технологий на основе возобновляемой энергии (2,6 трлн долл.). Информационной базой исследования послужили аналитические обзоры, отчеты и аналитические материалы профильных международных ведомств и агентств, Министерства энергетики Российской Федерации, а также работы российских и зарубежных ученых. Понимание масштабов задач устойчивого развития, а также развивающееся национальное и международное регулирование становятся стимулами стремительного развития более чистых, в первую очередь низкоуглеродных, технологий во многих отраслях. К 2030 г. при условии сохранения нынешнего курса на устойчивое развитие зеленая экономика должна вырасти до 10 % валового мирового продукта. Микроэнергетика является энергоэффективным инструментом в структурной перестройке энергетики России - переходу от централизованной системы, использующей крупные источники производства электроэнергии, к использованию разнообразных типов источников энергии, наиболее подходящих к данным природным условиям и особенностям конкретных потребителей. Снижение негативного воздействия загрязнения на здоровье и окружающую среду способно существенно уменьшить нагрузку на экономику, тем самым высвобождая ресурсы для ее роста. Вне всякого сомнения, переход мировой экономики на модель зеленого роста потребует значительных усилий по расширению международного сотрудничества. При этом потребуется последовательное проведение правительствами соответствующей политики на протяжении многих лет. России целесообразно подключиться к разработке методик и созданию инструментария для внедрения зеленых инициатив.

green economyenergy-saving technologymicrogenerationgreen economyenergy-saving technologymicrogenerationзеленая экономикаэнергосберегающие технологиямикрогенерацияThis article was prepared with the financial support of the Economic Faculty, RUDN University, topic No. 060323-0-000.Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке экономиче+ ского факультета Российского университета дружбы народов, тема № 060323-0-000.Attahiru Y., Aziz M., Kassim K., Shahid S., Wan Abu Bakar W., Sashruddin T. et al. (2019). A review on green economy and development of green roads and highways using carbon neutral materials. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 101, 600–613. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.11.036.Прогноз развития энергетики мира и России 2019 / под ред. А.А. Макарова, Т.А. Митровой, В.А. Кулагина; ИНЭИ РАН - Московская школа управления «Сколково». М., 2019. 210 с.Dulal H., Shah K., Sapkota C., Uma G., Kandel B. (2013). Renewable energy diffusion in Asia: Can it happen without government support? Energy Policy, 59, 301–311. doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.03.040.Ратнер С.В., Гомонов К.Г. Оценка результативности мер государственной поддержки возобновляемой энергетики и энергоэффективной экономики: обзор подходов // Экономический анализ: теория и практика. 2019. Т. 18. № 8. С. 1428-1447. URL: https://doi.org/10.24891/ea.18.8.1428García-Álvarez M., Moreno B. (2018). Environmental performance assessment in the EU:Attahiru Y., Aziz M., Kassim K., Shahid S., Wan Abu Bakar W., Sashruddin T. et al. A review on green economy and development of green roads and highways using carbon neutral materials // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. (2019). Vol. 101. Pp. 600-613. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.11.036.A challenge for the sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 205, 266–280. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.284.Attahiru Y., Aziz M., Kassim K., Shahid S., Wan Abu Bakar W., Sashruddin T. et al. A review on green economy and development of green roads and highways using carbon neutral materials // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2019. Vol. 101. Pp. 600-613. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.11.036.Hirsch A., Parag Y., Guerrero J. (2018). Microgrids: A review of technologies, key drivers, and outstanding issues. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 90, 402–411. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.040.Dulal H., Shah K., Sapkota C., Uma G., Kandel B. Renewable energy diffusion in Asia: can it happen without government support? // Energy Policy. 2013. Vol. 59. Pp. 301-311. doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.03.040.Jensen C., Goggins G., Fahy F., Grealis E., Vadovic, E., Genus A., Rau H. (2018). Towards a practice-theoretical classification of sustainable energy consumption initiatives: Insights from social scientific energy research in 30 European countries. Energy Research and Social Science, 45, 297–306. doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2018.06.025.García-Álvarez M., Moreno B. Environmental performance assessment in the EU: a challenge for the sustainability // Journal of Cleaner Production. (2018. Vol. 205. Pp. 266-280. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.284.Khavari F., Badri A., Zangeneh A. (2019). Energy management in multi-microgrids considering point of common coupling constraint. International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 115, 105465. doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.105465.Hirsch A., Parag Y., Guerrero J. Microgrids: a review of technologies, key drivers, and outstanding issues // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2018. Vol. 90. Pp. 402-411. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.040.Gomonov K., Balashova S., Matyushok V. (2019). The relationship of socio-economic deve- lopment and the drivers of green economy. The 13th International Days of Statistics and Economics (September 5–7, 2019, Prague, Czech Republic): Conference Proceedings. doi: 10.18267/pr.2019.los.186.41.Jensen C., Goggins G., Fahy F., Grealis E., Vadovics E., Genus A., Rau H. Towards a practice-theoretical classification of sustainable energy consumption initiatives: insights from social scientific energy research in 30 European countries // Energy Research and Social Science. 2018. Vol. 45. Pp. 297-306. doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2018.06.025.Li J., Just R. (2018). Modeling household energy consumption and adoption of energy efficient technology. Energy Economics, 72, 404–415. doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2018.04.019.Khavari F., Badri A., Zangeneh A. Energy management in multi-microgrids considering point of common coupling constraint // International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems. 2019. Vol. 115. 105465. doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.105465.Makarova A.A., Mitrova T.A., Kulagin V.A. (eds.). (2019). Forecast of the development of energy in the world and Russia 2019. Moscow.Gomonov K., Balashova S., Matyushok V. The relationship of socio-economic development and the drivers of green economy // The 13th International Days of Statistics and Economics (September 5-7, 2019, Prague, Czech Republic): conference proceedings. doi:10.18267/pr.2019.los.186.41.Matyushok V., Sergio B., Balashova S., Gomonov K. (2017). Influence of smart grid and renewable energy sources on energy efficiency: foreign experience. RUDN Journal of Economics, 25(4), 583–598. doi: 10.22363/2313-2329-2017-25-4-583-598.Li J., Just R. Modeling household energy consumption and adoption of energy efficient technology // Energy Economics. 2018. Vol. 72. Pp. 404-415. doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2018.04.019.Microgrid Deployment Tracker 4Q18. (2019). https://www.navigantresearch.com/reports/ microgrid-deployment-tracker-4q18 (accessed: 16.09.2019).Matyushok V., Sergio B., Balashova S., Gomonov K. Influence of smart grid and renewable energy sources on energy efficiency: foreign experience // RUDN Journal of Economics. 2017. Vol. 25(4). Pp. 583-598. doi: 10.22363/2313-2329-2017-25-4-583-598/Parag Y., Ainspan M. (2019). Sustainable microgrids: Economic, environmental and social costs and benefits of microgrid deployment. Energy For Sustainable Development, 52, 72–81. doi: 10.1016/j.esd.2019.07.003.Microgrid Deployment Tracker 4Q18. 2019. URL: https://www.navigantresearch.com/reports/ microgrid-deployment-tracker-4q18 (accessed: 16.09.2019).Ratner S.V., Gomonov K.G. (2019). Evaluation of the effectiveness of government support for renewable energy and energy efficiency of the economy: a review of approaches. Economic analysis: theory and practice, 18(8), 1428–1447. https://doi.org/10.24891/ea. 188.11428Parag Y., Ainspan M. Sustainable microgrids: economic, environmental and social costs and benefits of microgrid deployment // Energy for Sustainable Development. 2019. Vol. 52. Pp. 72-81. doi: 10.1016/j.esd.2019.07.003.Schlauwitz J., Musilek P. (2016). IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2016 (Vancouver, BC, Canada, July 24–29). https://researchr.org/publication/cec-2016 (accessed: 16.09.2019).Schlauwitz J., Musilek P. IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2016 (Vancouver, BC, Canada, July 24-29). 2016. URL: https://researchr.org/publication/cec-2016 (accessed: 16.09.2019).Shafie-khah M., Kheradmand M., Javadi S., Azenha M., de Aguiar J., Castro-Gomes J. et al. (2016). Optimal behavior of responsive residential demand considering hybrid phase change materials. Applied Energy, 163, 81–92. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.013.Shafie-khah M., Kheradmand M., Javadi S., Azenha M., de Aguiar J., Castro-Gomes J. et al. Optimal behavior of responsive residential demand considering hybrid phase change materials // Applied Energy. 2016. Vol. 163. Pp. 81-92. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.013Sioshansi, F., Mitchell J., Treadwell K. (2019). Microgrids: from niche to $100 billion market. https://energypost.eu/microgrids-from-niche-to-mainstream/ (accessed: 16.09.2019).Sioshansi F., Mitchell J., Treadwell K. Microgrids: from niche to $100 billion market. 2019. URL: https://energypost.eu/microgrids-from-niche-to-mainstream/ (accessed: 16.09.2019).Stadler M., Naslé A. (2019). Planning and implementation of bankable microgrids. The Electricity Journal, 32(5), 24–29. doi: 10.1016/j.tej.2019.05.004.Stadler M., Naslé A. Planning and implementation of bankable microgrids // The Electricity Journal. 2019. Vol. 32(5). Pp. 24-29. doi: 10.1016/j.tej.2019.05.004.Steriotis K., Tsaousoglou G., Efthymiopoulos N., Makris P., Varvarigos E. (2018). A novel behavioral real time pricing scheme for the active energy consumers’ participation in emerging flexibility markets. Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, 16, 14–27. doi: 10.1016/j.segan.2018.05.002.Steriotis K., Tsaousoglou G., Efthymiopoulos N., Makris P., Varvarigos E. A novel behavioral real time pricing scheme for the active energy consumers’ participation in emerging flexibility markets // Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks. 2018. Vol. 16. Pp. 14-27. doi: 10.1016/j.segan.2018.05.002.Walz R., Pfaff M., Marscheider-Weidemann F., Glöser-Chahoud S. (2017). Innovations for reaching the green sustainable development goals –where will they come from? Internatio- nal Economics and Economic Policy, 14(3), 449–480. doi: 10.1007/s10368-017-0386-2.Walz R., Pfaff M., Marscheider-Weidemann F., Glöser-Chahoud S. Innovations for reaching the green sustainable development goals -where will they come from? // International Economics and Economic Policy. 2017. Vol. 14(3). Pp. 449-480. doi: 10.1007/s10368017-0386-2.Wire B. (2019). North America Regains its Claim as the Leading Region for Microgrid Capacity, According to Navigant Research. https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/ 20160531005124/en/North-America-Regains-Claim-Leading-Region-Microgrid (accessed: 16.09.2019).Wire B. North America Regains its Claim as the Leading Region for Microgrid Capacity, According to Navigant Research. 2019. URL: https://www.businesswire.com/news/ home/20160531005124/en/North-America-Regains-Claim-Leading-Region-Microgrid (accessed: 16.09.2019).