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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Экология и безопасность жизнедеятельности</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2310</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8919</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">50495</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2310-2026-34-2-257-274</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">OYGYFX</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Ecology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Birdwatching as a regenerative tourism practice: evidence from Brazilian public policy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наблюдение за птицами как практика регенеративного туризма: свидетельства из государственной туристской политики Бразилии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8384-7420</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9538-2861</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pisarski Jr.</surname><given-names>Marcos R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Писарски мл.</surname><given-names>Маркус Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>исследователь</p></bio><email>marcos.pisarski@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Itaipu Parquetec (Itaipu Technology Park), Sustainable Tourism Laboratory</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Itaipu Parquetec (Технологический парк Итайпу), Лаборатория устойчивого туризма</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 34, NO2 (2026)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 34, №2 (2026)</issue-title><fpage>257</fpage><lpage>274</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-06-05"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Pisarski Jr. M.R.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Писарски мл. М.Р.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pisarski Jr. M.R.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Писарски мл. М.Р.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/ecology/article/view/50495">https://journals.rudn.ru/ecology/article/view/50495</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The development of regenerative tourism has been proposed as a response to the limitations of conventional sustainable tourism, particularly its restricted capacity to address long-term socioecological challenges. However, empirical evidence supporting regenerative tourism remains limited, especially at territorial and public policy scales in biodiverse countries. This study aims to analyze birdwatching tourism as a regenerative-oriented tourism practice in Brazil, based on national public policy evidence. The research adopts analytical and conceptual design grounded in secondary data analysis. The primary source is the National Diagnosis of Public Policies for Birdwatching Tourism in Brazil published by the Ministry of Tourism in 2025, complemented by institutional reports and peer-reviewed scientific literature on bird conservation, citizen science, and regenerative tourism. The data were reinterpreted using an analytical framework focused on key regenerative dimensions, including conservation financing, biodiversity monitoring, participatory governance, and territorial planning. The results indicate that birdwatching tourism in Brazil operates predominantly within areas of high conservation priority and is supported by measurable mechanisms relevant to regeneration. These mechanisms include the generation of economic resources associated with conservation activities, large-scale biodiversity monitoring through citizen science platforms, and institutionalized governance arrangements aligned with biodiversity conservation policies. Although the concept of regenerative tourism is not explicitly employed in Brazilian tourism policy, birdwatching tourism demonstrates functional characteristics consistent with regenerative principles. The study concludes that birdwatching tourism in Brazil can be understood as a regenerative-oriented practice when regeneration is interpreted as a long-term, systemic, and policy-mediated process. The findings contribute to strengthening the empirical basis of regenerative tourism research and highlight the relevance of public policy analysis for assessing regenerative dynamics in megadiverse contexts.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Регенеративный туризм рассматривается как ответ на ограничения традиционного устойчивого туризма, особенно в части решения долгосрочных социоэкологических проблем. При этом эмпирические исследования регенеративного туризма остаются ограниченными, в частности на уровне территориальной политики в биологически богатых странах. Цель исследования - проанализировать орнитологический туризм как регенеративно-ориентированную туристскую практику в Бразилии на основе данных государственной политики. Исследование основано на аналитико-концептуальном подходе и анализе вторичных данных. Основным источником является Национальный диагностический отчет по государственной политике в сфере туризма наблюдения за птицами в Бразилии (Министерство туризма, 2025), дополненный институциональными материалами и рецензируемыми научными публикациями. Анализ проведен с использованием рамки регенеративного туризма, включающей финансирование охраны природы, мониторинг биоразнообразия, партисипативное управление и территориальное планирование. Результаты показывают, что орнитологический туризм в Бразилии реализуется преимущественно на территориях с высокой природоохранной значимостью и опирается на измеримые регенеративные механизмы, такие как формирование экономических ресурсов для охраны природы, масштабный мониторинг биоразнообразия на основе гражданской науки и институционализированные управленческие структуры, согласованные с политикой сохранения биоразнообразия. Несмотря на отсутствие термина «регенеративный туризм» в туристской политике страны, орнитологический туризм демонстрирует функциональные признаки регенеративного подхода. Сделан вывод о том, что орнитологический туризм в Бразилии может рассматриваться как регенеративно-ориентированная практика при интерпретации регенерации как долгосрочного и системного процесса, опосредованного государственной политикой.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>avitourism</kwd><kwd>biodiversity conservation</kwd><kwd>citizen science</kwd><kwd>tourism governance</kwd><kwd>Brazil</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>авитуризм</kwd><kwd>сохранение биоразнообразия</kwd><kwd>гражданская наука</kwd><kwd>управление туризмом</kwd><kwd>Бразилия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bellato L, Pollock A. Regenerative tourism: a state-of-the-art review. 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