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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Экология и безопасность жизнедеятельности</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2310</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8919</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">43653</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2313-2310-2025-33-1-7-20</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">AEMDOT</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Ecology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Bioaccumulation of bacteriophages T4 and RB43 by freshwater bivalves in sterile aquarium water</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Биоаккумуляция бактериофагов Т4 и RB43 пресноводными двустворчатыми моллюсками в стерильной аквариумной воде</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulavina</surname><given-names>Maria K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булавина</surname><given-names>Мария Константиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">engineer</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">магистр</bio><email>ruffusramone@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4539-5192</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7256-8053</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abashina</surname><given-names>Tatiana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абашина</surname><given-names>Татьяна Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Senior Research Associate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории цитологии микроорганизмов</p></bio><email>tnabashina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4960-1910</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7986-9434</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suzina</surname><given-names>Nataliya E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сузина</surname><given-names>Наталья Егоровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Leading Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории цитологии микроорганизмов</p></bio><email>Suzina_Nataliya@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6960-3967</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9629-0020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Polivtseva</surname><given-names>Valentina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поливцева</surname><given-names>Валентина Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Senior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук старший научный сотрудник лаборатории цитологии микроорганизмов</p></bio><email>v.polivtseva@pbcras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0578-9963</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3598-9078</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zimin</surname><given-names>Andrei A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зимин</surname><given-names>Андрей Антонович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Leading Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной микробиологии</p></bio><email>dr.zimin8@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биохимии и физиологии микроорганизмов им. Г.К. Скрябина РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-04-05"><day>05</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Bulavina M.K., Abashina T.N., Suzina N.E., Polivtseva V.N., Zimin A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Булавина М.К., Абашина Т.Н., Сузина Н.Е., Поливцева В.Н., Зимин А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bulavina M.K., Abashina T.N., Suzina N.E., Polivtseva V.N., Zimin A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Булавина М.К., Абашина Т.Н., Сузина Н.Е., Поливцева В.Н., Зимин А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/ecology/article/view/43653">https://journals.rudn.ru/ecology/article/view/43653</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In our study, we investigated the bioaccumulation of T4 and RB43 bacteriophages by the bivalve mollusks U. pictorum and A. cygnea . Additionally, tests were conducted to determine the content of E. coli in the mollusks, and a comparison of the bioaccumulation activity of the viruses based on their diet was made. The results of the studies indicated that T4 and RB43 bacteriophages, despite differences in conditions and virus structure, exhibit a similar bioaccumulation model where their titers depend on the activity of the mollusk and their cyclical changes. The phage is reproduced by the natural microflora of the animal and can be retained due to its filtration feeding type. The activity of the mollusk is also influenced by its feeding characteristics.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Изучена биоаккумуляция бактериофагов T4 и RB43 двустворчатыми моллюсками U. pictorum и A. cygnea . Проведены тесты на содержание E. coli в моллюсках и сравнение активности биоаккумуляции вирусов в зависимости от корма. Выявлено, что бактериофаги T4 и RB43, несмотря на различия условий и строение вируса, показывают сходную модель биоаккумуляции, где их титр зависит от активности моллюска и меняется циклами. Бактериофаг размножается за счет естественной микрофлоры животного и может удерживаться им благодаря фильтрационному типу питания. На активность моллюска также влияют особенности кормления.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bacteriophages</kwd><kwd>Escherichia virus T4</kwd><kwd>Escherichia phage RB43</kwd><kwd>bioaccumulation</kwd><kwd>bivalve mollusks</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бактериофаги</kwd><kwd>Escherichia virus T4</kwd><kwd>Escherichia phage RB43</kwd><kwd>биоаккумуляция</kwd><kwd>двустворчатые моллюски</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by a grant from the Russian Scientific Foundation No. 24-64-00017, https://rscf.ru/project/24-64-00017/.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-64-00017, https://rscf.ru/project/24-64-00017/.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bogomolni A, Gast R, Ellis J, Dennett M, Pugliares K, Lentell B, Moore MJ. 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