RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life SafetyRUDN Journal of Ecology and Life SafetyВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Экология и безопасность жизнедеятельности2313-23102408-8919Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)3758310.22363/2313-2310-2023-31-4-494-509RLZTPYEnvironmental MonitoringЭкологический мониторингResearch ArticleEcological situation in European cities in 2013-2023: transition to green economyЭкологическая ситуация в городах Европы в 2013-2023 гг.: переход к зеленой экономикеhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3799-67057306-3940MironovaMarina N.МироноваМарина Николаевна

Candidate of Geographical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Regional Economics and Geography, Faculty of Economics

кандидат географических наук, доцент кафедры региональной экономики и географии экономического факультета

mironova-mn@rudn.ruNevedomskayaAlexandra O.НеведомскаяАлександра Олеговна2nd year student, Faculty of Economicsстудент 2-го курса1132226666@pfur.ruSotnikovaVictoria V.СотниковаВиктория Вячеславовна2nd year student, Faculty of Economicsстудент 2-го курса1132222997@pfur.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9470-00371724-6141MassarovaAlena R.МассароваАлена Рамильевна

Assistant of the Department of Regional Economics and Geography, Faculty of Economics

ассистент кафедры региональной экономики географии экономического факультета

massarova-ar@rudn.ruRUDN UniversityРоссийский университет дружбы народов15122023314VOL 31, NO4 (2023)ТОМ 31, №4 (2023)49450924012024Copyright ©; 2023, Mironova M.N., Nevedomskaya A.O., Sotnikova V.V., Massarova A.R.Copyright ©; 2023, Миронова М.Н., Неведомская А.О., Сотникова В.В., Массарова А.Р.2023Mironova M.N., Nevedomskaya A.O., Sotnikova V.V., Massarova A.R.Миронова М.Н., Неведомская А.О., Сотникова В.В., Массарова А.Р.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://journals.rudn.ru/ecology/article/view/37583

The study is devoted to the study of the relationship between the structure of the economy and the level of pollution of European cities in the context of the environmental imperative. Based on comparative statistical analysis, the level of pollution in European cities in 2013 and 2023 was considered and cities with the most and least favorable environmental situation were defined. Studied cities were divided into 7 groups by pollution index; stable trend of their location was determined through carrying out a cartographic analysis: groups of the most polluted cities are located mainly in the southeast of Europe and the least - in the northwest. Five types of cities with different trends in pollution index dynamics were identified. Based on a comprehensive synthetic analysis of cities with maximum improvement and deterioration of the environmental situation, the main factors of multidirectional dynamics are described - activity of environmental policy, sectoral structure transformation of urban economy. Main spatial trends in the environmental situation of European cities were identified: cities with positive dynamics of pollution index predominantly concentrated in the southeast, with a negative - in the east. The analysis showed that 2/3 of the largest cities in Europe improved their ecological condition mainly due to the effectiveness of environmental measures, the green political movement, the development of the tertiary and quaternary sectors in their economy.

Исследованы взаимосвязи структуры экономики и уровня загрязнения европейских городов в контексте экологического императива. На базе сравнительно-статистического анализа рассмотрен уровень загрязнения в городах Европы в 2013 и 2023 гг. и выявлены города с наиболее и наименее благоприятной экологической ситуацией. Изучаемые города разделены на 7 групп по индексу загрязнения; при проведении картографического анализа определена закономерность их размещения: группы наиболее загрязненных городов расположены в основном на юго-востоке Европы, а наименее - на северо-западе. Выявлены 5 типов городов с различными трендами динамики индекса загрязнения. На основе комплексного синтетического анализа городов с максимальным улучшением и ухудшением экологической ситуации описаны основные факторы разнонаправленной динамики - активность проведения экологической политики, трансформация отраслевой структуры экономики городов. Определены основные пространственные тенденции изменения экологической ситуации в городах региона: города с позитивной динамикой индекса загрязнения преимущественно сконцентрированы на юго-востоке, с отрицательной - на востоке. Выявлено, что за указанный период 2/3 городов Европы улучшили экологическое состояние, главным образом за счет эффективности экологических мер, зеленого политического движения, развития третичного и четвертичного секторов в их экономике.

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