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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Экология и безопасность жизнедеятельности</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2310</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8919</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">14480</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">SELECTION OF GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID PRODUCING LACTOBACILLUS AND BIFIDOBACTERIUM SYMBIONT STRAINS AS POTENTIAL PSYCHOBIOTICS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ОТБОР БАКТЕРИЙ-СИМБИОНТОВ РОДА LACTOBACILLUSИ BIFIDOBACTERIUM ПО ИХ СПОСОБНОСТИ СИНТЕЗИРОВАТЬ ГАММА-АМИНОМАСЛЯНУЮ КИСЛОТУ -ОДИН ИЗ ПОДХОДОВ В ПОЛУЧЕНИИ ПСИХОБИОТИКОВ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yunes</surname><given-names>R A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юнес</surname><given-names>Р А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poluektova</surname><given-names>E U</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полуэктова</surname><given-names>Е У</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyachkova</surname><given-names>M S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дьячкова</surname><given-names>М С</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlovski</surname><given-names>Y E</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козловский</surname><given-names>Ю Е</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>V S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>В С</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilenko</surname><given-names>V N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даниленко</surname><given-names>В Н</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Vavilov Institute of General Genetics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт общей генетики им.Н.И. Вавилова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Human Morphology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ морфологии человека</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO4 (2016)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№4 (2016)</issue-title><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-12-08"><day>08</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2016, Yunes R.A., Poluektova E.U., Dyachkova M.S., Kozlovski Y.E., Orlova V.S., Danilenko V.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2016, Юнес Р.А., Полуэктова Е.У., Дьячкова М.С., Козловский Ю.Е., Орлова В.С., Даниленко В.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yunes R.A., Poluektova E.U., Dyachkova M.S., Kozlovski Y.E., Orlova V.S., Danilenko V.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юнес Р.А., Полуэктова Е.У., Дьячкова М.С., Козловский Ю.Е., Орлова В.С., Даниленко В.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/ecology/article/view/14480">https://journals.rudn.ru/ecology/article/view/14480</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) is an active biogenic substance, synthesized in the organisms of plants, fungi, vertebrate animals and bacteria. GABA is used in food and drugs exhibiting antihypertensive, analgesic and antidepressant properties. GABA-producing strains can be considered as delivery vehicles of GABA to specific sites of the gut. Such strains are potential antidepressants promoting adaptation in the extreme north. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are considered the main producers of GABA among bacteria. GABA-producing Lactobacilli are isolated from food products such as cheese, yogurt, sourdough etc. and are the source of bioactive properties assigned to those foods. The ability of Human-derived Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria to synthesize GABA remains poorly characterized. In this paper, we screened our collection of 114 Human-derived Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains for their ability to produce GABA from its precursor monosodium glutamate (MSG). As a result 58 strains belonging to the species L.plantarum , L.brevis , B.adolescentis , B.angulatum , B.dentium were able to produce GABA. The most efficient GABA-producers were Bificobacterium strains (up to 6 g/L). We selected a GABA-producing strains that was further tested in Sprague-Dawley rats. Ingestion of L.plantarum 90sk strain increased GABA in the rats’ blood and decreased the rate of stress hormone prolactin.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">Гамма-аминомасляная кислота (ГАМК) является активным биогенным веществом; она синтезируется в организме растений, грибов, бактерий, основными ее продуцентами среди бактерий являются молочнокислые бактерии. ГАМК обладает антигипертензивными, анальгетическими и антидепрессантными свойствами. Лактобациллы - продуценты ГАМК - выделены из многих пищевых продуктов (сыров, йогуртов, заквасок); они обусловливают пищевые и биоактивные свойства этих продуктов. Такие штаммы рассматриваются как вектор доставки ГАМК в нужное место в кишечнике, они могут быть использованы как средство, способствующее адаптации человека на Крайнем Севере. Способность синтезировать ГАМК лактобациллами и бифидобактериями, явлющимися компонентами микробиоты человека, практически не изучена. В данной работе была проверена коллекция из 114 штаммов лактобацилл и бифидобактерий; показано, что способностью синтезировать ГАМК обладают все представители видов L.plantarum, L.brevis, B.adolescentis, B.angulatum, B.dentium (58 штаммов). Наибольшее количество ГАМК продуцировали штаммы бифидобактерий (до 6 г/л). Отобран один ГАМК-продуцирующий штамм L.plantarum 90sk, и показано, что его прием крысами линии Спрэг-Доули приводит к повышению в их крови уровня ГАМК и снижению уровня гормона стресса пролактина.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>GABA</kwd><kwd>probiotics</kwd><kwd>psychobiotics</kwd><kwd>Lactobacilli</kwd><kwd>Bifidobacteria</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гамма-аминомасляная кислота</kwd><kwd>пробиотики</kwd><kwd>психобиотики</kwd><kwd>лактобациллы</kwd><kwd>бифидобактерии</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Казначеев В.П. Современные аспекты адаптации. Новосибирск: Наука, 1980. 191 с.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Сапов И.А., Новиков В.С. Неспецифические механизмы адаптации человека. 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