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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Экология и безопасность жизнедеятельности</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-2310</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2408-8919</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">12634</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Latin America and the global climate change</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Латинская Америка и глобальное изменение климата</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarko</surname><given-names>A M</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарко</surname><given-names>Александр Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>tarko@himki.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Montero</surname><given-names>D K</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Монтеро</surname><given-names>Д К</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">Ecological Faculty</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">Экологический факультет</bio><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zvolinski</surname><given-names>V P</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зволинский</surname><given-names>Валентин Петрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>v_zvolinski@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbatova</surname><given-names>A I</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбатова</surname><given-names>Анна Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en">Ecological Faculty</bio><bio xml:lang="ru">Экологический факультет</bio><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dorodnicyn Computing Centre of RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Вычислительный центр им. А.А. Дородницына РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">MATI—Russian State Technological University named after K. E. Tsiolkovsky</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский государственный технологический университет им. К.Э. Циолковского (МАТИ)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2012-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><issue>S5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NOS5 (2012)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№S5 (2012)</issue-title><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-09-12"><day>12</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2012, Tarko A.M., Montero D.K., Zvolinski V.P., Kurbatova A.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2012, Тарко А.М., Монтеро Д.К., Зволинский В.П., Курбатова А.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tarko A.M., Montero D.K., Zvolinski V.P., Kurbatova A.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тарко А.М., Монтеро Д.К., Зволинский В.П., Курбатова А.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/ecology/article/view/12634">https://journals.rudn.ru/ecology/article/view/12634</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">Based on the spatial mathematical model of global carbon dioxide cycle in the biosphere calculated absorption of carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels, including deforestation and soil erosion in Latin America and the world. Calculations of the effects of restrictions in CO                  2 emissions based on different scenarios of the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on climate stabilization showed that ecosystems of Costa Rica absorb atmospheric CO                  2 more than other countries in the region, and industrial emissions from its territory almost equal absorption.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">На основе пространственной математической модели глобального цикла двуокиси углерода в биосфере рассчитано поглощение выбросов двуокиси углерода от сжигания органических топлив с учетом вырубки лесов и эрозии почв в странах Латинской Америки и мира. Расчеты последствий ограничений выбросов СО                  2 в атмосферу на основе различных сценариев выполнения Киотского протокола к Рамочной конвенции о стабилизации климата показали, что экосистемы Коста-Рики поглощают СО                  2 атмосферы больше других стран региона, а индустриальные выбросы с ее территории практически равны поглощению.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mathematical modeling</kwd><kwd>the global biosphere cycle of carbon dioxide</kwd><kwd>global warming</kwd><kwd>human impacts</kwd><kwd>biosphere</kwd><kwd>net primary production</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>глобальный биосферный цикл двуокиси углерода</kwd><kwd>глобальное потепление</kwd><kwd>антропогенные воздействия</kwd><kwd>биосфера</kwd><kwd>чистая первичная продукция</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Базилевич Н.И., Родин Л.Е. 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