Vol 25, No 4 (2020)

LITERARY CRITICISM

“Twisting the glory of both halves of this time...”: on the spatio-temporal and mythological manifestation in “The Lay of Igor’s Host”

Porol O.A.

Abstract

The article puts forward a hypothesis about the existence of the goddess of the ancient Slavs Slava in the “Lay of Igor’s Host”. Some “dark places” have been translated. When analyzing the work, a search for text parallels was used. Revealed and substantiated the relationship between separate Old Russian and Church Slavonic vocabulary. The semantic shades of the words “mind”, “heart”, “time”, “path”, contained in “dark places” are considered. An attempt was made to understand the peculiarities of the manifestation of space-time forms in the “Lay of Igor’s Host”. The coexistence of the present and the past tense in “The Lay of Igor’s Campaign” is explained by the timeless forms of being, the recognition by the ancient Russian scribe of two spaces. The “duality” in “The Lay of Igor’s Host” is manifested in the use of ancient pagan images, “old words” and “epics of this time”. The Church Slavonic word, dating back to the text of the Bible, contains many semantic shades, the explanation of which can reveal the depth and richness of the Old Russian text. The expressions that go back to the theme of Christianity are analyzed. At the end of the work, the emerging joyful attitude of the author of “The Lay of Igor’s Host” to the hero who destroyed his army and escaped from captivity is regarded as Christian. Willfulness and the fulfillment of God’s will are present in the character of Prince Igor, in his actions. Christian images in “The Lay of Igor’s Host” and the author’s kind attitude to the defeated prince tell the reader about the new established Christian world, which, however, is in a difficult relationship with the world of former words, ancient pagan Slavic images.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):619-626
pages 619-626 views

Homonymous and tautological rhymes in K. Simonov’s poetry

Korzhova I.N., Ledenev A.V.

Abstract

The article explores homonymous and tautological rhymes in K. Simonov’s poetry as a form of language game. The study of rhymes in the author’s poetry, as well as the appeal to the categories of play-element poetics in connection with his work, is realized for the first time. The term “polysemantic rhyme” is introduced to denote the transitional case between the two types of rhymes which is often found in Simonov’s poetry. The dynamics of rhyme preferences and their functions throughout Simonov’s work is revealed. In the early poems, he actively uses homonymous rhymes, that have a characterizing and world-modeling function. Rhyme becomes part of a more complex game and is reinforced by repetitions of similar-root and similar-sounding words, that create a dense semantic grid of important to Simonov concepts. In mature creativity, the poet often turns to polysemantic rhyme, and if he puts homonyms at the end of the line, they does not always rhyme with each other. While maintaining the previous functions, traditional humorous and compositional ones are added to them, the latter is associated with the separation of lines as independent aphorisms.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):627-638
pages 627-638 views

The English trace in the heading-final complex of Anna Akhmatova’s “Poem without a Hero”

Kikhney L.G., Lamzina A.V.

Abstract

The specificity of the heading-final complex of Anna Akhmatova’s “Poem without a Hero” (“Poema bez geroya”) is based on the fact that the semantics of the components included in it refers to several sources at once, and allusions to the works of English romantics, authors of poems, play the most important role among the components included in the poem's frame, and above all to J.G. Byron. The relevance of the undertaken research is due to the application of an integrated approach to the analysis of the elements of the frame text “Poem without a Hero”: not only primary, but also secondary and tertiary allusions, playing with the reader’s perception and his knowledge of predecessor texts are considered. The purpose of the study is to identify the “English trace” in “Poem without a Hero” and the ways of its manifestation through the heading-final complex. The authors trace the genealogy of “Poem without a Hero” from Byron to Pushkin and to the nominally absent, but implicitly animated, hero of Akhmatova’s poem. Research objectives are defined as the study of the framework text as an essential element of the poem, identification of the features of the frame text and its intertextual links, comparison of epigraphs in the poem with notes, comments and critical articles of the author. The authors show that the poet often “hides” Byronic allusions in the reception from Pushkin’s poems (mainly “Eugene Onegin”), placing them in the heading-final complex. The article proves that this technique is used by Akhmatova to build the genre genealogy of her own poem, which goes back to the tradition of English romantic poems, mediated by the tradition of A. Pushkin. The reason for turning to this tradition, according to the authors, lies in the tragic personal and epoch-making collisions, the genre interpretation of which could become the transformed Akhmatova canon of the romantic poem, the founder of which was Lord Byron.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):639-647
pages 639-647 views

Orientalism poetics: story by Leonid Solovyov “The Nomad”

Shafranskaya E.F., Volokhova T.V.

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of orientalism in literature, narrowed to the question of “Russian orientalism” and its Soviet derivation. The names of Nikolai Karazin and Andrey Platonov are mentioned among Russian literary Orientalists. The researchers identify the differences between Soviet Orientalism and the Orientalism of the XIX century. The analytical paradigm presented in the article outlines the prospects for the scientific study of “Uzbek impressions. Salir-Gul” (1933) by Sigismund Krzyzanowski and Pavel Zaltzman's novel “Central Asia in the Middle Ages” (1930s). For the first time, the novel “The nomad” (“Kochevye”) by the Russian writer of the twentieth century Leonid Solovyov written in 1929 and published in 1932 is analyzed in detail. Appeal to the folklore, ceremonial, and ritual life of the peoples of Central Asia becomes one of the main techniques of Leonid Solovyov's Oriental poetics. Solovyov's narrator is not a traditional orientalist observer of an alien, and therefore exotic, picture of the world. In Solovyov's poetics, the subject of the story merges with its object and represents a single whole: Russian literature spoke in the voice of a stranger. The material of the article corresponds to the intentions outlined in modern postcolonial studies.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):648-656
pages 648-656 views

Translingual text within a meaning-generating context of Russian literature

Kulieva S.A.

Abstract

In this article, the translingual text in the aspect of its interconnection with the meaning-generating context of classical Russian literature is analyzed. The literary translingualism is defined as the phenomenon of writers who create texts in more than one language or in a language other than their primary one. This is an urgent problem for modern literary criticism, requiring an interdisciplinary approach to its study. Within the framework of translingualism theory, as the text is comprehended not only as a product of speech activity subjected to structural preparation. It turns into a zone of “cross-pollination” with multiple meanings, becomes a representative of cultures in their contamination, mutual repulsion, symbiosis, submission, adaptation. Intercultural communication within the literary text also affects the level of the intertext: the intertextual paradigm elements of various complexity (from selected intexts, unmodified reminiscences to expanded propositions) in a translingual text are often subject to the process of so-called intertextual acculturation, in which the intext is filled with ethnospecific linguistic and literary content. The material for the study is the literary cycle “Dreams of the Damned” (“Sny okayannykh”) by the modern Kazakhstan writer A. Zhaksylykov. Some of the intertextual echoes of the cycle with canonical texts of classical Russian literature (works by Pushkin, Yesenin, Dostoevsky, etc.) are analyzed in order to trace the adaptation process of its key motives (the motive of “flight from people”, the motive of wandering, the motive of the desert, the motive of the black man, etc.) to the Kazakh linguocultural and aesthetic reality. Using methods such as comparative analysis, linguopoetic commenting, intertextual analysis, the conclusion is made that an appeal to the literary works of the acquired language for a translingual author is necessary: they constitute his cognitive base, but at the same time undergo certain linguo-specific transformations, the result of which is generation of new images of the world.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):657-670
pages 657-670 views

Cultural connotations of the image of perception of emigrants in Chinese ethnic consciousness of the 20-40s of the 20th century based on the material of Chinese literature and publicism

Liu S.

Abstract

The relevance of the study is determined by the interest of modern humanitarian knowledge in the study of the image of the “alien”, the study of the mechanisms of reception of the foreign and other ethnic world in the process of interethnic and intercultural interaction of the 20th century. The novelty is due to the involvement of the material of journalistic and artistic texts of the Chinese authors of the “left” and “right” wing in their correlation with the historical, political and linguocultural realities of the 20-40s of the 20th century. The research problem consists in the correlation of ethnocultural, ethnopsychological and socio-political connotations of the image of the perception of an emigrant in the Chinese ethnic consciousness. The aim of the research is to study the lexical and semantic transformations of the concept of “emigrant” in the context of Chinese ideology and Chinese literature of the 20-40s of the 20th century, as well as to identify the individual features of the artistic perception of an emigrant by Chinese writers. The research methodology is based on an imagological approach to the study of literature with the involvement of ethnopsychological observations. The work uses historical-literary, comparative-historical, lexical-semantic methods, as well as techniques of translation studies. It is discovered that in the Chinese fiction and journalistic texts of the 20-40s of the 20th century the negative artistic image of the perception of emigrants - “white emigrants” prevails. Thus, in the Chinese ethnic consciousness of the 1920s and 1940s, the cultural connotation of the concept of “emigrant” had negative semantics. On the one hand, it reflects the real situation of emigrant life and emigrant consciousness; on the other hand, it captures the complex socio-political and ethno psychological processes that have taken place in Chinese society, affecting the foundation of Chinese culture and Chinese ethnicity.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):671-681
pages 671-681 views

The concept of “neo” and the novels of G. Rodenbach: between romanticism and symbolism

Litvinenko N.A.

Abstract

Various forms of transition in literature and art of the turn of 19th and 20th centuries haven’t been explored enough. The use of the concept of “neo” allows to clarify the ideas of neo-romanticism that have developed in modern science. The article analyzes the novel heritage of the Belgian writer Rodenbach as a transitional phenomenon that brings together the writer's tetralogy with romanticism, Parnassus and symbolist French poetry; as well as phenomenon that organically includes Belgian literature in the European space of intertextuality. It is proved that addressing the problems of art, the artist-creator, the “beautiful soul”, connects Rodenbach with the traditions of Yen’s romanticism, at a new stage of development of literature generates a transformation of the myth of romanticism. The ideal of art is not subject to devaluation, but the artist, who lives in society, always fails. Indulging in earthly passion, coming into conflict with society and himself, he doesn’t keep faith in his beliefs. Real life creates illusions and self-deception, leading the character to disaster. Rodenbach uses a romantic model of mythologization, saturating it with symbolic allusions and signs, on the eve of modernism creates a neo-romantic novel synthesis.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):682-691
pages 682-691 views

Female images on historical background: victory of Omani writer Jokha al-Harti in The Man Booker International Prize - 2019

Zarytovskaya V.N., Al-Rahbi A.M.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the development of literature and, in general, the verbal culture of Oman from the early Middle Ages to the present day. For both objective and subjective reasons, the Omani national literature has not yet become an object of research by domestic specialists. However, the strengthening of all-round relations, including cultural, between our countries and the recognition of contemporary Omani writers by the international literary community necessitates such a study. The goal of the article was to highlight the main features that were inherent in the verbal work of Oman for centuries and for a long time constituted its originality, before Omani writers began to rapidly adopt the main creative tendencies of Europe. For this, as the most famous material, the work of the founder of the school of Omani poetry, the poet of the early XX century, Abu Muslim al-Bahlyani, was analyzed. Also the attempt to outline the rapid changes that have taken place in the literary environment of Oman over the past half century, and to answer the question of what caused the interest in the literature of the Gulf today was made. As part of the work was considered the novel “Celestial Bodies” by Jokha al-Harti, who received an international prize in 2019 and who today presents the women's prose of Oman, which simply did not exist in the recent past. The main conclusions that researchers come to are that Omani literature for a long time practically did not experience changes in its hermetic environment and acquired distinctive features, even if we talk only about the framework of the Arab world. And then, with the beginning of the Omani Renaissance, it made a sharp leap forward and began to be of interest due to the combination of contemporary artistic techniques and national colour, as in the work of Jokha al-Harti, whose last novel has been translated into two dozen languages.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):692-704
pages 692-704 views

Kafkaesque motifs in Kunwar Narain’s novels

Lesik K.A.

Abstract

Since the 19th century European literary tradition indisputably influenced the development of Indian literature. Indian intellectuals, familiarizing particularly with the inheritance of European modernism, follow works of modernist writers, accept their key themes and motifs, thereby bring new literary devices and images into Indian literature. One of the main authors, whose novels have made a deep impact on the development of Hindi literature, is Franz Kafka. The influence of his works is extremely visible across India. Indian writers create Kafkaesque worlds and protagonists in their own novels and stories. One of Hindi novelists, who refers to Franz Kafka’s motifs, is Kunwar Narain. In Indological studies his name is associated with poetry. However, he is not only a representative of New Hindi poetry (Naī Kavitā), but a novelist also. The article is focused on Franz Kafka’s influence on Indian writer’s fiction. It is determined in what period and in which novels Kunwar Narain uses kafkaesque motifs. The perception of Kafka’s worldview concept in Kunwar Narain’s novels is studied. It is an attempt to find out what new Indian prose-writer brings to a kafkaesque picture of world. It is also analyzed, in what Indian literary material and in what Indian literary tradition imagery he applies the images of Kafka’s stories.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):705-713
pages 705-713 views

Locating reality through visual narratives: Marjane Sartapi’s surfacing in “Persepolis”

Gupta P.

Abstract

The innovative way of telling stories by using visuals with a motive of imparting a message to an audience has influenced several writings. The use of visual narratives turns out to be a profound technique of illustrating stories that has existed and continues to exist event today. From oral narratives to visual ones the art of storytelling has always been efficacious and more absorbing. Impressing upon what, how, where, and in what manner the event took place through graphics is fascinating. There is substantial writing that primarily deals with research on visual stories. One such is Marjane Sartapi’s “Persepolis” told through the eyes of a young girl, and this unique perspective of graphic narration offers distinctive insight into the perseverance to retain one's identity in tumultuous times. Nations and homelands play an important part in one’s identity formation. Associating oneself to national sentiments and signs, individuals feel themselves part of the nation. However, identity becomes problematic for those in diaspora. This research paper intends to look at Majane Sartapi’s “Persepolis” as an attempt of the author to surface through many of her inner-outer conflicts. The paper shall trace her journey of self-approval from Iran to Vienna and finally to France. The trauma and the identity crisis she faces during her childhood in Iran and later in Vienna is an experience which she decides to narrate using animated comic images. The use of visual narrative form has helped her convey the trauma and pain she long carried. Finding a homeland and an identity became challenging.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):714-723
pages 714-723 views

Sources of Ferdowsi’s poem “Shahnāma”

Bondar M.N.

Abstract

The article explores one of the central problems of Ferdowsi “Shahnāma” (10th century) studies, e.g. its’ sources. In modern Iranian studies coexist different points of view and continues a discussion between the disciples of the theory of Ferdowsi’s use of prose sources and those who consider the poet rather a brilliant compiler and innovator, who transformed epic tales about kings and heroes (folklore oral poetry in the middle Persian language) into the new Persian language (dari). The discovery and accumulation of philological arguments indicating that the middle Persian epic poetry is “hidden” in the poem under the cover of the new Persian verse belongs to the current problems of “Shahnāma studies”, since this poetry was not recorded and original texts have not survived till nowadays. The arguments of supporters of both points of are briefly presented. To test the theory about the possible reliance of the Ferdowsi epic on the oral poetic tradition, a certain number of lines of the poem containing the name “Ahriman” were selected and analyzed using the Parry - Lord oral theory, and as a result the formulaic rhyme was discovered. The stability of rhymes and formulaic expressions in which the word “Ahriman” occurs in the poem allows to conclude that, apparently, there was an oral tradition of describing the Evil Spirit, dating back to the times of Ancient Iran and the creation of the Avesta, which survived until the time of Ferdowsi. This analysis supports the idea that Ferdowsi’s epic is based on the oral poetic tradition.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):724-733
pages 724-733 views

JOURNALISM

Implementation and features of Soviet propaganda in Thailand in the Cold War period

Palahan N., Gromova L.P.

Abstract

This article deals with features of Soviet propaganda activities in the Cold War period in Thailand. After abrupt changes of the former allies’ foreign policy, the Soviet Union after the Great Patriotic War dramatically reviewed and corrected its international propaganda work concept. The main role of this new confrontation between ideological camps belonged to the media, which were aimed at international audience, and systematically implemented their state policy on the informational and psychological front. From the USSR side, this role was fulfilled by the Soviet Information Bureau (Sovinformburo, later - Novosty Press Agensy, APN). After the Second World War the USSR began influencing the foreign policy of Thailand. This kind of work was organized in the condition of Thai anticommunist propaganda. In the article the implementation process of Soviet propaganda activities and features of the Soviet propaganda in complicated circumstances in Thailand and its neighbors, based on archive materials, is considered. During this research also analyzed the reports of local office of Sovinformburo (APN) in Thailand; activities of the Soviet media, featured in the local Soviet media publications in Thailand such as the local version of the “Soviet Union” magazine, pamphlets of Sovinformburo (APN); legal documents from the Soviet side (resolutions of the USSR’s People’s Commissars related to the foreign propaganda activities), and from Thailand side (acts, resolutions and transcripts of the Royal Thai Government’s meetings). The academic works related to Soviet propaganda activities in Russian, Thai and English languages are studied. It is found out that innovations and strategies of the Soviet propaganda and counterpropaganda changed along with the development of diplomatic relations with Thailand. Regime changes and domestic policy development significantly affected the work of Sovinformburo (APN.) In the conclusion, the implementation of Soviet propaganda in Thailand depended on both domestic and international factors, impacting the position of Thailand on the international arena and the stability of the authority. Implementation of Soviet propaganda in various periods took place along the complicated condition of political life in Thailand and ideological confrontation of these political systems.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):734-745
pages 734-745 views

Formation of international broadcasting in Russia and abroad: historical-genetic and comparative analysis

Yefanov A.A., Efendieva N.E.

Abstract

The article provides a historical-genetic and comparative analysis of foreign broadcasting. In the chronotopic aspect the advanced experience of foreign countries (Germany, England, France, USA) is compared with the peculiarities of the formation of foreign broadcasting in Russia. The main stages of the development of foreign broadcasting are highlighted. The dominant media communication channels through which foreign broadcasting activities are carried out are determined. Based on the results of the study, the conclusion is made that at the first stage of its development, foreign broadcasting was not an instrument of foreign policy and rather contributed to the cultural enrichment and support of its compatriots in other countries. However, wartime predetermined the future tonality of foreign broadcasting - a propaganda focus. During the Second World War, foreign broadcasting was used in many countries to discredit the enemy, as well as to motivate the military and the population in the rear. During the Cold War, foreign broadcasting strengthened its propaganda purpose, continuing to implement in its discourse defamatory strategies against competitors and adversaries, against the background of which a new concept of “information war” was formed. In general, foreign broadcasting as a discourse strategy is mainly used in the course of geopolitical conflicts, both open and latent. In the process of evolution of media communications, an intensification of the struggle for influence on the external audience was observed, which was most clearly manifested as a result of the implementation of foreign broadcasting in the field of television, based on the audiovisual capabilities of this type of media. In the 21st century, the information struggle for the interpretation of reality and, as a consequence, the construction of public opinion on a global scale began to take place in the field of the Internet, where foreign broadcasting has acquired a global character.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):746-755
pages 746-755 views

The genesis of Russian electoral PR: issue of periodization

Shilina M.G., Mintusov I.E.

Abstract

In modern Russia, the electoral PR practices make up a significant share in the national public relations structure but have not been systematically studied until now. The directions of communication activities, the object-subject area, as well as the problems of genesis, which is the basis of research in each subject area, have not been systematically studied yet. The research problem is determined by the lack of sufficient novelty and specificity of empirical material, the lack of significant theoretical and methodological foundations and concepts. For the first time in the Russian scientific discourse, the paper presents the definition of electoral PR as a communication process and determines the features of its genesis from the late 1980s to 2014 in the Russian public relations formation context. On the basis of the structural-functional and model approaches, the characteristics, structure, models, messages, functions, and parameters of electoral PR institutionalization are fixed. For the first time, the paper presents the elements, the new subjects of the electoral PR communication models in the Russian Federation. The proposed author's PR periodization methodology is relevant for the electoral public relations periodization as well. The legal regulation of the electoral process as one of the basic conditions for the transformation and periodization of electoral PR is mentioned. The revealed characteristics of the genesis of Russian electoral PR make it possible to record the incompleteness of the process of its institutionalization by the mid-2010s. The presented methodological grounds for studying elective public relations seem to be basic for further research in this area.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):756-765
pages 756-765 views

The media presentation of political leaders: research approaches

Lin C., Smirnova O.V.

Abstract

The media representation of the activities of political leaders in the media is not well studied in science currently. The article fills this theoretical gap by examining existing scientific research and the approaches to the representation of politicians reflected in various sources. The purpose of the paper is to show what approaches to the representation of the activities of political leaders exist in the modern theory of media representation. The article examines the main research approaches to the media representation of political leaders. Since journalism creates political discourse, partly spontaneously and partly deliberately, there are many approaches to representing the activities of political leaders in the media. Given that some of the content about political leaders is created spontaneously, research approaches that describe a more thoughtful approach to generating political content in the media are especially interesting in this study. In Russian scientific research, there are no classifications of research approaches to the representation of the activities of political leaders; accordingly, this research has a novelty. Moreover, the study is one of the first on the topic of media presentation of the activities of political leaders. This process and its results are poorly covered in Russian science. The paper uses methods of classification and comparative analysis. A classification of approaches used in various sciences and describes the specifics of media presentation is proposed. The classification is based on the idea that media representation is an important social process that is comprehended not only in the theory of journalism. The comparative analysis is carried out when comparing theories of media representation. The conclusion is made that such an approach as modeling is the most interesting from a practical point of view; modeling helps to increase the responsibility of journalists and a more conscious approach to representing the political life of society. Modeling the representation of the activities of political leaders suggests that the creation of content about political leaders will become less spontaneous, more orderly. Modeling can help create a benchmark for a more adequate representation of the activities of political leaders.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):766-774
pages 766-774 views

Draft law “On Media” No. 2693: new restrictions of freedom of media in Ukraine

Kadyrova S.N., Fomin A.

Abstract

The analysis of the draft law “On Media” No. 2693, submitted for consideration by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine in December 2019. The official reason for its development was the lack of working mechanisms to ensure information security and protection of the national media space of Ukraine in a hybrid war. The main task of our study is an attempt to determine the place of the bill in the reformed system of legal regulation of the media in Ukraine, from a position neutral to the process of the scientific community. (The following draft law “On Misinformation”, which is also under consideration by the Verkhovna Rada, speaks in favor of a systematic policy of reforms in the media sector of Ukraine). To this end, a detailed content analysis was conducted, which showed that the potentially ambiguous wording of the adopted document at the stage of its enforcement leaves the regulatory authorities free to interpret them depending on the interests of the parties, rather than on the letter of the law. The key to understanding the risks associated with its entry into force is the section on the National Television and Radio Broadcasting Council of Ukraine, which will have jurisdiction over all aspects of the country's media structures, including economic ones. Thus, the proposed material may be of interest and be considered as a contribution to the development of criteria for a comprehensive scientific analysis of the legislation governing media structures, while the need for the participation of the scientific community in the development of such documents and public discussion at the stage of their preparation is obvious.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):775-786
pages 775-786 views

Clip thinking of generation Z: methods of developing students’ creative potential

Bukharbaeva A.R., Sergeeva L.V.

Abstract

The article is devoted to actual problem of clip thinking of generation Z. The goal of research is to determine the most effective methods of working with clip thinking taking into account the peculiarities of information perception by modern students. It covers phenomenon of clip thinking, its characteristics and origins. Positive and negative features of clip thinking are highlighted, as well as effective methods of university educational process applying having the trend of clip-based consumption of info by students. The authors conclude that clip thinking is a natural process: it is necessary to work competently with this phenomenon of generation Z. It’s shown, that vast selection of digital tools is changing lifestyle of young generation, but multitasking, responsiveness, high degree of adaptability characterize modern students. The authors concluded that it’s necessary to form students' analytical and conceptual thinking in combination with clip thinking. It’s not worth changing students or fight against clip thinking as well as to act according to old methodology of educational process. Modern students need in interesting cases of thinking efficiency, multitasking that requires active action. Specificity of case method application of teaching was substantiated empirically (including observation, experiment, survey), it develops creativity, increases the level of analytical and critical thinking, allows to work with a large amount of information, helps to study proposed business situations, analyzes data and make the respective decision. It’s important to practice educational and search methods in a dialogue mode of learning process, construct situations, interactivity, mobility, frequent changes, multitasking. Clip thinking should be managed competently, by using its positive characteristics and preparing effective studying programs engaging relevant online and offline technologies.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):787-796
pages 787-796 views

Georgian media consumption trends

Kurmanova D.B., Zarifian M.

Abstract

Article analyzes the media market of Georgia, particularly, the main preferences of the audience in the field of traditional and new media. The review is relevant, since the National Statistics Agency of Georgia has not yet conducted extensive research in the field of media. There are some separated reports and ratings, however, they are conducted by international funds. Thus, they do not study the media market in Georgia systematically, so these reports are partial and inferior. Purpose of the study was to identify the main changes in the field of media consumption in Georgia in the following categories: print, television, radio and new media. The transformation of the media environment served as the main hypothesis of the study. The coronavirus pandemic has accelerated the digitalization of Georgian media, exacerbating the crisis in the print sector and making Internet sites more attractive for large holdings and independent authors in the face of an economic downturn in the media market and optimization. To identify the data, the methods of content analysis, observation and sociological survey were used. Particular attention is paid to the trends that have emerged in the media market in Georgia since the beginning of the pandemic - the main dynamic changes in the Georgian segment of Facebook, the development of the cartoon genre and the preferences of users of social networks. The study covered a number of factors affecting media consumption in Georgia: the age of information consumers, their geographic and social position, national mentality, and the level of religiosity. The results of the study demonstrate a high degree of mediatization of religion in Georgia, manifested in the fact that the church has become an opinion leader, determining the point of view of the majority regarding the topic of the coronavirus pandemic. According to the results of the conducted survey, the population of Georgia began to watch TV and radio more often. The level of interest in social networks has also increased - in particular, in blogs, both in Georgian and in Russian.

RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):797-807
pages 797-807 views

REVEWS

“Journey of the Soul”: Book review: Balashova, T.V. (2019). Paris Belongs to Dreamers... Moscow, IMLI Publ.

Shervashidze V.V.

Abstract

The review is devoted to the work of the famous researcher of French literature T.V. Balashova and her last book. The collection “Paris Belongs to Dreamers…” (“Parizh prinadlezhit mechtatelyam…”) contains scientific articles on French poetry of the 20th century, primarily its iconic figures - Guillaume Apollinaire, André Breton and Jacques Roubaud. The review notes not only the breadth of the scientist's interests, her deep analytical mind, but also loyalty to the topic chosen for life, love for France, close friendship with outstanding French writers. Her contribution to the development of cultural and scientific cooperation between Russia and France is noted.
RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):808-811
pages 808-811 views

“This is the first Russian monthly”: Book review: Gotovtseva, A.G. (2018). “This is the most useful for Russian society”: The “Monthly Essays” as a Russian integrative enlightenment project of the mid-18th century. Moscow, YASK Publ.

Ovcharenko A.Y.

Abstract

The review analyzes the monograph of A.G. Gotovtseva “This is the most useful thing for Russian society”: the “Monthly essays” as a Russian integration enlightenment project of the middle of the 18th century”. The review of the presents book examines a universal descriptive way of periodical, as well as the genesis of its internal plot. The review considers the journal’s evolution in the context of the historical and political process of the epoch, the creation of various headings, modification of the original concept of the journal and the composition of authors. The author of the present monograph emphasizes a new view of the role of G.F. Miller as one the major Russian historians of that period in the development of Russian science and journalism in the 18th century.
RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism. 2020;25(4):812-815
pages 812-815 views

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