No 4 (2015)

Articles

MITIGATION STRATEGY ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Egorov V.N., Melnikov A.A.

Abstract

This article describes the international convention for reduction of environmental hazards. Set out the lists of regional and bilateral international agreements and decisions of international organizations and conferences that directly affect the environmental problems. Examples of possible regional disasters energy facilities. This article consider the problems of formation of ecological consciousness, as a necessary condition of solving problems of ecological safety, which can be formed as follows:- The global ecological crisis of the biosphere can not be overcome without the formation of a new collective environmental consciousness.Models of collective behavior of people in relationship with the environment obey the genetic information transmitted from generation to generation, and, only just being understood and realized with such a position, subject to change.Planetary ecological consciousness is determined by the state of consciousness of each individual, which makes it to involve in the process of formation of the largest possible number of inhabitants of the Earth.The content and form of presentation of “environmental” information must cultivate a state of oneness and harmony with nature and must respond to achieve the desired positive results.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):7-14
pages 7-14 views

THE ESTIMATION OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL REGULARITIES OF BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTIVITY OF PINE (PINUS SYLVESTRIS) IN MESCHERA SUBTAIGA ECOSYSTEMS(according to the materials of tree-ring research)

Zheleznova O.S., Chernykh N.A., Tobratov S.A.

Abstract

The results of the researches which have been devoted to the study of the factors of biological productivity of the pines growing in the forest phytocenoses of Ryazan Meschera have been generalized. The factors of biological productivity for the circulation periods of Vangengeim - Girs have been established by using of the dendrochronology. It is established that the factors of autumn and winter periods have the great significance for the growth of the pine in conditions of sandy soil and deep groundwaters. The factors of summer period have the great significance for the bioproductivity of the pine in conditions of wetland. It is shown that the pines growing in the different conditions of the habitat have similar changes of biological productivity.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):15-27
pages 15-27 views

APPLICATION OF GENETIC MARKERS FOR ECOLOGICAL STATUS ASSESSMENT OF THE RELICT PLANT SPECIES OF BAIKAL SIBERIA

Protopopova M.V., Pavlichenko V.V., Gnutikov A.A., Adelshin R.V., Chepinoga V.V.

Abstract

The development of effective approaches for ecological monitoring of Baikal Siberia becoming more important mainly because of unique plant species occurring in this region. The present study was aimed to find the effective molecular markers for estimation of genetic variation in model species. The results are important for evaluation of the relict biota in Baikal Siberia. The paper presents results of estimation of genetic variety in two relict plant species Anemone baicalensis Turcz. and Eranthis sibirica DC. on data of several genetic markers ( ITS1 , ITS2 , rps12-rpl20 , psbA-trnH ).
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):28-36
pages 28-36 views

PHOTOSYNTHESIS, MINERAL NUTRITION AND BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTIVITY PINE STANDS OF DIFFERENT YIELD CLASS IN BELARUS IN ONTOGENESIS

Lebedev E.V.

Abstract

By means physiological transformation of taxational data pine stands Belarus Ia-V yield classes were obtained quantitative data net productivity of photosynthesis, mineral and biological productivity, carbon deposition and net primary production in ontogenesis at the organism level. These indicators declined with age. Was set adaptive response of plants to a decline soil nutrient status, which expressed in an increase in activity the root surface relative to of the sheet surface to maintain photosynthesis on vital the required level.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):37-45
pages 37-45 views

SPRING MIGRATION STOPOVER ON THE SOUTHERN COAST OF THE NEVA BAY (DISTRICT “KRONSHTADTSKAYA KOLONIYA”) IN THE LIGHT OFTHE ORGANISATION OF NATURE PROTECTED AREA

Ufimtceva A.A.

Abstract

Shallow coastal waters of the Neva bay are important place for birds’ migratory stopovers. However, anthropogenic activity causes increasing pressure on these areas. That is why data on the ecological condition requires regular updating. Timely studies may help to organize protection of habitat areas and animals. So, well-timed observation on the southern coast of the Neva Bay has resulted in the foundation of reserve “Southern coast of the Neva Bay” with consequent inclusion of marsh areas of “Kronshtadtskaya koloniya”.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):46-53
pages 46-53 views

THE PARTICULARITY OF EMBRYOPHYTE SPECIES DIVERSITY, WICH FORMS THE FOULING ON THE BUILDINGS IN CHEKHOV DISTRICT, MOSCOW REGION

Polynov K.E., Polynova G.V.

Abstract

The comparison of the plants fouling intensity on the red brick buildings dated in the late 19th century (Chekhov District, Moscow Region) found that: 1) the species diversity on the building repaired in the 1980’s was three times higher than on the unrepaired building; 2) plants fouling is more diverse and intensive at the buildings’ foundation; 3) herbage plants are the basis of the foulingsThe work presents the list of these species and gives the evaluation of their abundance for different parts of the examined buildings.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):54-59
pages 54-59 views

THE WHITE SEA ALGAE AND THEIR PROSPECTS OF USING

Shcherbak A.P., Tishkov S.V.

Abstract

The paper deals with the prospects for the use of algae in different areas of human life. Qualitative and quantitative indicators are given, as well as capacity and the total stock in the two largest fjords of the White Sea - Chupa bay and the area of the island Sonostrov (Louhi region of the Republic of Karelia) are calculated. The paper provided the profitability of using the White Sea algae resources.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):60-67
pages 60-67 views

THE SEARCH FOR NEW WAYS DISPOSAL OF DRUGS, THAT ARE UNSUITABLE FOR MEDICAL USE

Tyumina E.A., Migacheva K.A., Mukhutdinova A.N.

Abstract

Drotaverine hydrochloride and codeine phosphate, antispasmodic and analgesic drugs, respectively, derived from isoquinoline, were evaluated for its biodegradability using actinobacteria from the Regional Specialized Collection of Alkanotrophic Microorganisms. The experiments were performed under aerobic conditions with bacterial cultures. Screening of actinobacteria toward drugs showed that the most drotaverine and codeine resistant strain was Rhodococcus rhodochrous IEGM 647, which was used further in experiments biotransformation. The duration of the biotransformation process drotaverine and codeine was more than 90 days. Using free Rhodoccocus cells pre-grown with investigated substrates reduced the duration of biodegradation to 60 days and to 90 days for drotaverine and codeine, respectively. Adding glucose as co-substrate, and the use of immobilized cells of Rhodococcus (from 60 to 7 days) accelerated significantly the process of drotaverine biodegradation. GC-MS analysis of transformation products resulting from drotaverine biodegradation revealed 3,4-diethoxybenzoic acid, 3,4-diethoxybenzaldehyde and 3,4-diethoxybenzoic acid ethyl ester which were detected in the culture medium until drotaverine completely disappeared. Transformation products from codeine phosphate included hydrocodone, dihydrocodeine and 14β-hydroxycodeine. The obtained data broadened the spectrum of organic xenobiotics oxidized by Rhodoccocus bacteria and proved there potential in decontamination of natural ecosystems from pharma pollutants.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):68-73
pages 68-73 views

PROCESSING OF FINE COAL SLURRIES IN RAW MATERIALS FOR COKE AND ENERGY INDUSTRIES

Zlobina E.S.

Abstract

The method of oil agglomeration is an alternative method for processing fine coal slurries and low- grade coal. It to solve the problem of accumulation of industrial waste, to do the environment in cities and regions better, and to processing the low-quality raw materials for product, which can be used in coke and energy industry.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):74-79
pages 74-79 views

TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PROCESSING OF SOLID CARBONACEOUS RESIDUE, IS A WASTE TIRE PYROLYSIS

Shikanova K.A.

Abstract

We study the problem of processing and utilization of solid carbonaceous residue is waste tires pyrolysis. On the basis of the carbonaceous residue produced concentrate suitable for molding fuel.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):80-83
pages 80-83 views

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PIPELINE ACCIDENTS ACROSS RUSSIA AND THE USA

Oleinik A.P.

Abstract

Analysis of contemporary accident rates on pipeline transport facilities is one of the major decision- making procedures for protection, including the quantitative assessment of risk, modelling of hazardous substances emissions and safety criteria justification. The information provided in the state authorities reports across Russia and the US have been analysed to identify overall trends in accident rates, including the influence of the modern safety provisions.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):84-91
pages 84-91 views

THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SURFACE WATERS OF THE BASIN OF THE OKA RIVER IN THE TERRITORY OF THE ORYOL REGION

Stepanova L.P., Yakovleva E.V., Chernyi E.S., Pisarev A.V.

Abstract

One of the main environmental problems of the industrial cities consists in intensive pollution of a surface water harmful substances. Studying of the ecological environment of the city is based on use of both traditional, and modern methods of research by means of which the necessary database of natural and anthropogenous characteristics of an urban environment in connection with a target task - an assessment of a state of environment of the city is formed, of extent of influence of sources of harmful emissions and scales of pollution of territories. The understanding of an ecological situation of the urbanized territories requires detection of features of pollution, a form of finding of harmful substances, possibilities of their accumulation and carrying out in landscapes, to their concentration.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):92-99
pages 92-99 views

ASSESSMENT OF TOXICITY POLLUTED BY THE POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS OF SOILS FOR THE HIGHER PLANTS

Baeva Y.I., Chernykh N.A.

Abstract

The article assesses the quality of soils contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls Serpukhov as a habitat for plants by bioassay using the integral index, based on the inhibition of growth, development and reproduction of higher plants.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):100-106
pages 100-106 views

TECHNOGENIC WATER ACUUMULATION ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

Suzdaleva A.L., Goryunova S.V., Beznosov V.N.

Abstract

Article considers the problem of formation of man-made water accumulations, which are understood as a wide range of objects - from occasionally flooded basements to storage of industrial wastewater. The existence of man-made water accumulations can cause deterioration of ecological and sanitary- epidemiological situation. Systemic approach to solution of these problems is suggested; classification of man-made accumulations of water is developed.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):107-113
pages 107-113 views

THE METHODICAL APPROACHES OF THE FORMATION OR WEST KAZAKHSTAN REGION’S ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK

Myrzagalieva Z.Z., Stanis E.V.

Abstract

The article describes the methodical basis of the creation of territory ecological framework (EF) in order to preserve biological diversity. The basic methodical approaches that should be based in creating of ecological framework of the territory have been singled out.They are landscape-geographical, basin and complex ones. It is offered to create the ecological framework of West Kazakhstan region (WKR) basing on present 10 specially protected natural areas. Specially protected natural areas on the territory of WKR have been represented by 3 zoological state reserves such as Kirsanovsky, Budarinsky, Zhaltyrkulsky, and by 7 local regional reserves such as biological reserve “Dubrava”, “Mirgorodsky”, “Selectsionnyi”, complex reserve “Urdinsky”, geomorphological reserve “Ak-kum”, also natural monument “Grand Ichka” mountain, monument “Sadovksoye” lake. Total area of protected areas of WKR are 188, 7 ha or 1,25% of all territory.It should use the landscape method to create EF of WKR using the remote sensing data. The using of the landscape method can consider the peculiarities of all nature complexes of specially protected natural areas, anthropogenic impact’s degree. During the design phase of EF it will be presented the cartographic patterns based on remote sensing.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):114-123
pages 114-123 views

THE INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES ON HEALTH AND ELEMENTAL IMBALANCE OF THE POPULATION OF SAINT-PETERSBURG AND ROSTOV-ON-DON

Zubkova P.S.

Abstract

The state of the air of two major cities, which are the important economic centers and transport junctions (St. Petersburg and Rostov-on-Don), and the factors influencing it were considered. The assessment of the risk of non-carcinogenic effects on health of urban population, associated with air pollution was reviewed. The data about the elemental composition of the urban population were analyzed. As a result an association between air pollution and accumulation of toxic elements in the human body was discovered.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):124-130
pages 124-130 views

EFFECT OF FOOD ON BIOLOGICAL AGE MEN

Turchin E.G., Sidorov E.P.

Abstract

The authors examined the results of prime test in 100 men between the ages of 4 and 79 years. Using the method of multivariate regression analysis was calculated their biological age according to the prime test. The correlation coefficient was 92.6% with a probability of error (p < 0.001). Analysis of the data revealed that some foods affect biological age. 46 product increases the biological age of the person: parsley, black pepper, mackerel, oysters, sardines, broccoli, cherries, artichokes, yeast, halibut, peas, decaf struchkovayaya beans, cauliflower, candida, raspberries, sturgeon, salad, tuna, cow’s milk, squash, lentils, strawberries, asparagus, salmon, mint, lobster, crayfish, melon, walnuts, papaya, sunflower seeds, crab, eggs, soy, formaldehyde, coffee, fennel, tea (green black), beef, aspirin, tobacco, beet, perch, cane sugar, pomegranate yogurt. 61 products reduced biological age: maple syrup, lemon, basil, squid, cheese (cow’s milk), turnip greens, goat’s milk, mangoes, pork, plums, cod, pistachios, goose, cinnamon, grapes, raisins, rosemary, currant, cranberry, peas, shrimp, wild rose, potatoes, carrots, swordfish, bananas, chicken, peanuts, apricots, almonds, butter, duck, watermelon, sesame seeds, sesame, rye, ocean perch, radishes, herring, plaice, rice, peaches, oat, pineapple, tangerines, persimmons, blueberries, blackberries, chocolate, cocoa, vehi. dyes, eggplant, mushrooms, figs, barley, honey, mullet, apples, wheat, celery, blackberries, pears, tomatoes, onions, cucumbers.
RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):131-136
pages 131-136 views

NAShI AVTORY

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RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015;(4):137-140
pages 137-140 views

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